HTML

<html> … </html>

tags that show up at the beginning and end of an HTML document (known as the root element). All other page markup comes in between these beginning and ending tags.

<head> … </head>

tags that contain information about that specific page, including the title tags, meta data, and links to scripts and style sheets.

<title> … </title>

tag that contains the title for that page, useful for both search engines (when they scan and index pages) and users (showing up in a browser’s title bar) by explicitly stating the primary topic of each page.

<body> … </body>

tags that include all content that will be shown to users, including everything they’ll see and read.

<meta>

tag that spells out additional information about the page, including its description, author, published date, keywords and other typically "hidden" page information.

<style> … </style>

element that includes document style information, typically defaulting to CSS.

<h1..h6> … </h1..h6>

tags that include all six levels of headings, with 1 being the most important on a page and 6 being the least. These elements are used to describe content sections on a page.

<div> … </div>

tags that represent a generic container used to denote a page section or block.

<span> … </span>

tags that define an inline container, typically used for grouping elements for styling.

<p> … </p>

foundational tag used to organize paragraphs of text.

<br>

creates a line break (or old-school carriage-return), useful for writing blocks of text that need to be on different lines.

<hr>

creates a horizontal rule, a sectional break in an HTML page. Typically used to denote a change in topic or section of a page.

<strong> … </strong>

indicates text that is important, serious, or urgent. Usually displayed in bold.

<b> … </b>

used for phrases that need to stand out without added emphasis or importance. Displayed in bold.

<em> … </em>

emphasizes text or phrases displayed as italics in most browsers.

<i> … </i>

used for phrases in a different voice or mood than the surrounding text. Displayed in italics.

<s> … </s>

tag that marks text that is incorrect. Displayed with a line through it (strike-through).

<cite> … </cite>

tags that identify a citation — the title of another work, such as a book or article. Usually displayed in italics.

<pre> … </pre>

tags that display pre-formatted, "monospace" text laid out with whitespace inside the element intact.

<blockquote>

tag that specifies a section that is quoted from another source. Browsers usually indent the text given within these tags.

<q>

defines a short quotation. Browsers normally insert quotation marks around the quotation.

<abbr> … </abbr>

tags that help denote abbreviations, while also making the full form available.

<sub> … </sub>

tags that provide a way to subscript text, shrinking it and placing it a half line lower than the previous text.

<sup> … </sup>

tags that provide a way to superscript text, placing it a half line higher than the previous text.

<small> … </small>

tags that are used for an addendum or side note, displayed in a smaller text size.

<mark> … </mark>

tag that displays highlighted text for phrases that may be particularly relevant to the reader.

<time> … </time>

tag that provides a machine-readable equivalent for dates and times.

<a> … </a>

tag that is used to add links. The anchor text for a hyperlink is placed within this tag.

<a href="#name"> … </a>

tag that creates an anchor link that takes users to the element on the page whose id matches the name (a fragment of the page).

<img>

tag used to include and display image files.

src="url"

img tag attribute that denotes the URL or file of the image to display.

alt="text"

img tag attribute that represents alternative text that helps explain the image content to both search engines and users.

height=""

img tag attribute that provides the ability to specify image height in pixels.

width=""

img tag attribute that provides the ability to specify image width in pixels.

<ol> … </ol>

tag that creates numbered (ordered) lists showing sequential order, preference, or priority.

<ul> … </ul>

tag that displays a bulleted (unordered) list without any extra emphasis on order of importance.

<li> … </li>

tag that specifies each list item to be bulleted or numbered.

<dl> … </dl>

tag that creates a description (definition) list, which pairs terms with their descriptions.

<dt> … </dt>

tag that specifies a term in a description list.

<dd> … </dd>

tag that specifies the description for a definition term.

<table> … </table>

tag that identifies and contains all table-related content.

<caption> … </caption>

tag that provides a title or description of what the table is and what it contains.

<tr> … </tr>

tag that contains the information to be included in a single row of the table.

<th> … </th>

tag that defines a header cell, which provides information about the cells in the row or column it precedes.

<td> … </td>

tag that contains the actual information or data in a single table cell.

colspan

attribute that specifies the number of columns the cell should span over.

rowspan

attribute that specifies the number of rows the cell spans.