Chapter 2 student outline USH

Who unified England after the civil war in the late 15th century?

Henry VII

What church did Henry VIII establish?

The Anglican Church

What was the outcome of Edward VI's regency?

His regency persecuted Catholics.

What did Mary do during her reign?

Temporarily restored Catholicism and executed Protestants.

Who restored the Protestant ascendancy in England?

Elizabeth I

What was the English government's approach to conquering Ireland?

Through military conquest, killing citizens, and taking land.

What was a significant consequence of the enclosure movement in England?

Thousands were displaced and left without work.

What did Thomas More’s Utopia suggest about labor and freedom?

Only those who controlled their own labor were considered to be free.

What economic condition prompted many English to emigrate to North America?

Poor economic conditions in England.

What was the primary labor source in Virginia's early tobacco plantations?

Indentured servants.

What contributed to rising tensions between English settlers and Native Americans?

Land claims, fenced land, and livestock ruining crops.

What example illustrates the survival struggles of the Jamestown Colony?

The 'Starving Time' of 1609-1610.

What was the headright system in 1618?

It granted 50 acres of land to individuals who paid for their own or others' passage to America.

Who was Pocahontas?

Powhatan's daughter and intermediary between settlers and the Powhatans.

What occurred during the First Anglo-Powhatan War?

Tensions over land led to violence; resolutions included Pocahontas' conversion to Christianity and marriage.

What major crop became essential in the economy of the Southern colonies?

Tobacco.

How were enslaved Africans viewed in English society?

As outsiders deemed savage, uncivilized, and animalistic.

When did the first enslaved Africans arrive in Virginia?

In 1619.

What was the role of women in the early settlements of Virginia?

To sustain colony growth and maintain family structures.

What motivated Puritans to emigrate to America?

To escape the perceived corruption of the Church of England.

Who was the governor of the Plymouth Colony?

John Winthrop.

What did the Mayflower Compact establish?

An agreement to obey laws chosen by representatives.

What was the significance of the First Thanksgiving?

A celebration of the alliance between the Pilgrims and the Wampanoags.

What was the Great Migration?

The emigration of about 21,000 Puritans to the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

What sparked the Pequot War?

The Pequot Indians exerting dominance and control over trade with other tribes.

What characterized the New England economy in the 17th century?

Exporting fish and timber, and reliance on family labor.