Glycolysis: Enzymes & Reactions

What molecule is this? Is it a ketone or an aldehyde?

1. Glucose

2. Aldehyde

What is the purpose of hexokinase?

Create Glucose 6 Phosphate out of Glucose

What enzyme creates Glucose 6 Phosphate from Glucose?

Hexokinase

What molecule is this?

1. Glucose 6 Phospate

What is the function of Phosphoglucose Isomerase?

Change Glucose 6 Phosphate to Fructose 6 Phosphate

What enzyme changes Glucose 6 Phosphate to Fructose 6 Phosphate?

Phosphoglucose Isomerase

What molecule is this?

1. Fructose 6 Phosphate

What is the function of Phosphofructokinase (PFK)?

Change Fructose 6 Phosphate to Fructose 1,6 BisPhosphate.

What enzyme changes Fructose 6 Phosphate to Fructose 1,6 BisPhosphate?

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

What is the function of Aldolase?

To change Fructose 1,6 BisPhosphate to Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

What enzyme changes Fructose 1,6 BisPhophate to Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate?

Aldolase

What molecule is this?

Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

What enzyme changes Dihydroxyacetone to Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate?

Triose Phosphate Isomerase

What is the function of Triose Phosphate Isomerase?

To change Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate to Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate.

What molecule is this?

Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate

What is the function of Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase?

To change Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate

What enzyme changes Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate to 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate?

Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

What molecule is this?

1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate

What is the function of Phosphoglycerate Kinase

To change 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate to 3 Phosphoglycerate

What enzyme changes 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate to 3 Phophoglycerate?

Phosphoglycerate Kinase

What molecule is this?

3 Phosphoglycerate

What is the function of Phosphoglycerate Mutase?

To change 3 Phosphoglycerate to 2 Phosphoglycerate.

What enzyme changes 3 Phosphoglycerate to 2 Phosphoglycerate?

Phosphoglycerate Mutase

What molecule is this?

2 Phosphoglycerate

What s the function of Enolase?

To change 2 Phosphoglycerate to Phosphoenolpyruvate

What enzyme changes 2 Phosphoglycerate to Phosphoenolpyruvate?

Enolase

What molecule is this?

Pyruvate

What is the function of Pyruvate Kinase?

To change Phosphoenolpyruvate to Pyruvate.

What enzyme changes Phophoenolpyruvate to Pyruvate?

Pyruvate Kinase

What molecule is this?

Lactate

What is the function of Lactate Dehydrogenase?

To change Pyruvate to Lactate

What enzyme changes Pyruvate to Lactate?

Lactate Dehydrogenase

What are the 3 purposes of Glycoysis?

1. Glycolysis is the oxidation of glucose. Pyruvate is the end product.

2. Provides ATP. NADH is also produced.

3. In aerobic organisms, glycolysis yields precursors to the Krebs Cycle & Electron Transport System

Where does glycolysis take place?

In the cytosol

What are the 2 functions of the first half of glycolysis?

1. Bring glucose into the cell

2. Change glucose into an "energy rich sugar"

How does the first half of glycolysis "trap" glucose in the cell?

1. Adds a phosphate group