Animal genetics part 2?

What is X-linked recessive?

Gene on X chromosome

Males have only one X so if carries allele will express

no father to son transmission

affected females associated with inbreeding

What is sex limited inheritance?

Gene on autosome but condition only expressed in one sex

appears in sex specific organs, transmitted by both but only expressed by one

What is polygenic?

When phenotype is due to interaction of multiple genes and the environment

run in families

complex inheritance patterns and more difficult to identify causative mutations

What is hardy Weinberg law?

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

p + q = 1

does not work if natural selection occurs, migration/gene flow, genetic drift, de novo mutation and non random mating

What are the two types of mutations?

Point mutations due to altered nucleotide sequence of gene subs, insertions/deletions

Chromosome mutations-translocations, deletions, insertions, or alterations of chromosome number

What are the types of chromosome mutations?

Translocation where one piece of chromosome moves to other

Inversion where segment of chromosome flips

Deletion where segment is deleted

Duplication where genes are duplicated

Non-disjunction where chromosomes fail to separate during cell division, on daughter cell having extra chromosomehW

What are types of single point mutations?

Silent-no effect

Nonsense-converts amino acid into STOP codon

Missense- different amino acid incorporated to protein

splice site- base change at splice acceptor, disrupts mRNA processing

Single nucleotide polymorphism