speech science exam 3

A motor program can be best described as which of the following?

invariant movement pattern that can be scaled in size and time

Planning and programming of speech movements requires extensive practice, through a process called motor learning.

true

According to schema theory, stable and accurate schemas for speech movements allow for the production of precise, rapid, and intelligible speech.

true

articulatory system

oral cavity

resonatory system

velopharyngeal port

respiratory systen

lungs

phonatory system

larynx

A motor speech disorder is an impairment of speech production caused by defects of the neuromuscular system, the motor control system, or both.

true

Given the complexity of speech as a motor skill, it is not surprising that both children and adults will never experience failures in motor speech coordination.

false

Which of the following statements is true of motor control for speech production?

sequences of moments needed for speech are programmed together as a single unit

Which of the following choices represents an articulatory goal?

lip rounding

The following is the most accurate definition of speech motor control:

an individuals control over the musculature coordination involved in producing speech

motor execution

refers to the processes responsible for sctivating relevant muscles during the movements used in speech production

motor planning

refers to the process that defines and sequences articulatory goals prior to their occurrence

motor programming

refers to the processes responsible for establishing and preparing the flow of motor information across muscles for speech

What is an example of a physiological method of analyzing phonation?

study laryngeal resistance during vowel production

hypokinetic dysarthria lesion location

damage to the basal ganglia

hyperkinetic dysarthria lesion location

unknown

Flaccid lesion location

lesions to lower motor neurons

Spastic dysarthria lesion locations

bilateral lesions in motor cortex

what descriptions are associated with acquired dysarthrias

muscle tone, muscle strength, movement speed, movement steadiness

Which of the following examples could you use to assess speech prosody?

indicating emotional states, a declarative versus interrogative statement, highlighting contrastive information

Which of the following best describes "motor execution disorders?"

deficit/inefficiency in basic physiological or movement characteristics of the musculature

Which of the following best describes "motor planning and programming disorders?"

inability to group and sequence the relevant muscles in order to plan or program a movement

ataxic dysarthria lesion location

lesion in the cerebellum

spastic dysarthria (developmental) lesion location

bilateral lesions to motor cortex

unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria

unilateral lesion to motor cortex

dyskinetic dysarthria

unknown

commonly observed symptoms in apraxia of speech

impaired prosody, distortions of speech sounds, effortful slow speech with pauses between syllables and sounds

Which of the following statements is false regarding conditions/variables of practice?

learning is greater when practice sessions are close together in time

in motor speech treatment the goal is

to learn or relearn accurate production of speech

Which statement is true about feedback conditions in motor speech disorders?

providing feedback after every attempt may e=nhance acquisition of a new skill, dealing feedback for a few seconds after an attempt results in greater learning, reduction of feedback is more effective for promoting retention and generalization

Which of the following choices provides the best definition of Variable Practice?

practice on different targets in different contexts

Which of the options best describes Schema Theory as it relates to Motor Control and Learning?

production of rapid, discrete movements involves motor programs that are retrieved from memory and adapted to a particular situation

There are many different practice and feedback conditions, some of which are shown to be most helpful for treatment of motor speech disorders. Select all choices below that are shown to be most helpful:

distributed practice, variable practice, low feedback frequency, knowledge of results feedback type

which best describes knowledge of results feedback type

information provided whether a sound was correct or incorrect