History of Print Culture Flashcards

A set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering the origins of printing in East Asia, its transition to Europe, and the subsequent print revolution.

The earliest kind of print technology was developed in __________, Japan, and Korea.

China

Traditional Chinese __________ were folded and stitched at the side because both sides of the thin, porous sheet could not be printed.

accordion books

The __________ in China was the major producer of printed material for a long time, as it recruited personnel through civil service examinations.

imperial state

In the late nineteenth century, __________ became the hub of the new print culture in China, catering to Western-style schools.

Shanghai

Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan around AD __________.

$768$-$770$

The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD $868$, is the Buddhist __________, containing six sheets of text and woodcut illustrations.

Diamond Sutra

A Korean collection of Buddhist scriptures engraved on about $80,000$ woodblocks in the mid-$13\text{th}$ century is known as the __________.

Tripitaka Koreana

The art form __________ ('pictures of the floating world') was popularized by Kitagawa Utamaro and depicted ordinary human experiences.

ukiyo

In AD $1295$, the explorer __________ returned to Italy and brought back the knowledge of woodblock printing from China.

Marco Polo

Expensive luxury editions in Europe were handwritten on __________, a parchment made from the skin of animals.

vellum

The first-known printing press was developed in the $1430\text{s}$ by __________ in Strasbourg, Germany.

Johann Gutenberg

The first book Gutenberg printed was the __________, of which about $180$ copies were produced in $3$ years.

Bible

In letterpress printing, the __________ is a board pressed onto the back of the paper to get the impression from the type.

platen

In $1517$, the religious reformer __________ wrote Ninety Five Theses, which led to the Protestant Reformation.

Martin Luther

The Roman Catholic Church began to maintain an __________ from $1558$ to repress heretical ideas.

Index of Prohibited Books

__________, a miller in Italy, was executed by the Inquisition after reinterpreting the Bible and formulating views that enraged the Church.

Menocchio

In England, pocket-sized books sold by travelling pedlars (chapmen) for a penny were known as __________.

penny chapbooks

The novelist __________ declared, 'The printing press is the most powerful engine of progress and public opinion is the force that will sweep despotism away.'

Louise Sebastien Mercier

The __________ of Korea, printed in the late $14\text{th}$ century, is among the world's oldest existing books printed with movable metal type.

Jikji