AP HUG

Dependancy Ratio

The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compares to the number of people active in the labor force.

Thomas Malthus

Eighteenth-century English intellectual who warned that population growth threatened future generations because, in his view, population growth would always outstrip increases in agricultural production.

Maternal Mortality Rate

Number of deaths per thousand of women giving birth.

population density

measure of the number of individuals living in a given area.

population pyramid

A graphical representation that shows the age and gender distribution of a population at a given time. It helps analyze population trends, such as birth rates, death rates, and life expectancy.

pro natalist

Policy or ideology that promotes and supports increasing the birth rate within a population, often through incentives such as financial benefits, improved childcare, and maternity/paternity leave.

sex ratio

loften expressed as the number of males per 100 females.

agricultural density

The number of farmers per unit of arable land.

anti natalist

Policies that discourage people from having children (China's One Child Policy)

arable land

fertile soil suitable for growing crops

arithmetic density

The total population of an area divided by its total land area

baby boom

A period of significant increase in the number of births, occurring after World War II between 1946 and 1964. This demographic phenomenon resulted in a large generation with long-lasting social, economic, and cultural impacts.

National Increase rate

The rate at which a country's population is growing

Carrying cappacity

Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support

contracepetion

Intentionally preventing pregnancy from occurring

Child mortality rate

A figure that describes the number of children that die between the first and fifth years of their lives in a given population

Crude birth rate

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Crude death rate

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Demography

The scientific study of population characteristics.

Doubling time

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Ecumene

The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement.

Epidemic

A widespread outbreak of an infectious disease.

epidemiological transition

distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

Graying Population

Evidenced by a population pyramid showing a higher number of older, or elderly, people in its projection than younger, working-age people. The pyramid is top-heavy.

Infant mortality rate

The percentage of children who die before their first birthday within a particular area or country.

Life expectancy

The average number of years a person is expected to live

Neo Malthus

group who built on Malthus' theory and suggested that people wouldn't just starve for lack of food, but would have wars about food and other scarce resources

Pandemic

A global outbreak of a contagious disease that affects a large number of people across different countries or continents.

Overpopulation

the number of individuals in a population exceeds the available resources and carrying capacity of the environment.

Population clusters

Areas with high population density and close proximity of people

total fertillity rate

The average number of children born to a woman during her childbearing years.

Zero Population growth

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero.

physiological density

total population divided by the total area of arable land