Chemisty - Acid and Bases (chapter 11)

What is Arrhenius's Definition of an Acid.

A substance that dissociates in water to produce H+ ions

What is a strong Acid? (Arrhenius)

Substance that almost completely dissociates in water to produce H+ ions

What is a weak acid? (Arrhenius)

A substance that only slightly dissosiates in Water to produce H+ Ions

What is Arrhenius's definition of a base?

A substance that dissociates in water to produce OH - ions

What is a strong base? (Arrhenius)

A substance that almost completely dissociates in water to produce OH - ions

What is a week base? (Arrhenius)

A substance that only slightly dissociates in water to create OH - ions

What are limitations of Arrhenius's theory?

1) H+ ions cannot exist independently an instead form Hydronium ions.

2) restricted to only aqueous solutions

3)Does not explain amphoteric solutions

What is Brønstad Lowery’s Definition of an Acid

An acid is a proton acceptor

What is a strong acid. (Brønstad Lowery)

A good proton acceptor

What is a weak acid?(Brønstad Lowery)

A poor proton acceptor

What is Brønstad Lowery’s definition of a Base

A proton donor

What is a strong base (Brønstad Lowery)

A good proton donor

What is weak base? (Brønstad Lowery)

A poor proton donor

What is a conjugate base?

An acid after it donates it proton

What is a conjugate acid

A base after it accepts a proton

What is neutralisation?

A reaction between an acid and base that forms salt and water

What is the formula for an acid - Base reaction

Acid + Base → Salt + H2

What is the formula for an acid - Carbonate reaction

Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

What is the formula for an acid - metal reaction?

Acid + Metal → Salt + H2