Human Evoloution Test

Evolution

A change in allele frequencies within a population over generations.

Hominin

A member of the human evolutionary lineage after its divergence from the chimpanzee lineage.

Common ancestor

An ancestral population shared by two or more evolutionary lineages.

Phylogeny

The evolutionary history and relationships of organisms.

Clade

A common ancestor and all its descendants.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

DNA inherited mainly through the maternal line, used to investigate ancestry.

Nuclear DNA (nDNA)

DNA inherited from both parents, used to compare genetic relationships.

Homologous structures

Structures inherited from a common ancestor, potentially with different functions.

Fossil evidence

Preserved remains or traces of past organisms that provide evidence of evolutionary change.

Oldowan tool culture

An early stone-tool culture characterised by simple chipped stone tools.

Acheulean tool culture

A stone-tool culture characterised by tools such as hand axes and cleavers.

Mousterian tool culture

A stone-tool culture associated particularly with Neanderthals and prepared-core tools.

Natural selection

Individuals with advantageous inherited traits reproduce more successfully, changing allele frequencies over generations.