english effects statements

save me pls

ad hominem attack

often uses emotive language to create a strong negative depiction of a person or group

alliteration

draws attention to the key words that can have a positive or negative impact

analogy

can help to make the contention look simple by linking it to something that the audience knows well or can grasp easily

anecdote

gives the issue a more human angle, making it seem more relevant or real

appeal to being up-to-date

can make change seem less intimidating

appeal to family values

invokes the audience’s desire for emotional security and a protective, nurtuing environment for children

appeal to fear and insecurity

inclines the audience to want to lessen the threat to themselves or society by taking the writer’s advice

appeal to financial self-interest

the audience feels pleased about getting value for money

appeal to justice and fairness

Places any practice that treats people fairly in a positive light

Appeal to loyalty and patriotism

invokes feelings of pride, a shared identity and a common purpose

Appeal to tradition and custom

inclines the audience to resist change and to favour past or existing traditions

Cliché

reassures the audience through familiarity

creating a dichotomy

positions the audience to see the writers viewpoint as obvious

Emotive language

encourages the audience to respond on an emotional level

Exaggeration, overstatement and hyperbole

Attracts the audiences attention through a surprising or extreme claim

Facts and figures

makes the writer’s viewpoint seem objective rather than subjective

figurative language

can capture the audience’s attention by being more engaging than dry description

generalisation

appeals to a widely held belief or assumption

inclusive language

invokes the audience’s desire not to be left out or regarded as an outsider

irony and sarcasm

inclines the audience to disapprove of the situation or the view being criticised

jargon

can help to convey the writer’s expertise in a filed

puns and plays on words

can generate humour to endorse or mock an idea or group

reason and logic

often used with a detached tone and/or formal style to suggest authority

repetition

emphasises the main point or key term

rhetorical question

implies that the answer is self-evident and therefore opposing viewpoints can be rejected