chem func groups and electron/molecular geometry

2 bonding pairs and 1 LP

MG: bent

EG: trigonal planar

<120

3 bonding pairs

both: trigonal planar

120

3 bonding pairs and 1 LP

trigonal pyramidal and tetrahedral

<109.5

2 bonding pairs and 2 LP

bent and tetrahedral

<109.5

4 bonding pairs and 1 LP

seesaw and trigonal bipyramidal

<90,<120

3 bonding pairs and 2 LP

t-shaped and trigonal bipyramidal

<90

2 bonding pairs and 3 LP

linear and trigonal bipyramidal

180

5 bonding pairs and 1 LP

square pyramidal and octahedral

90, <90

4 bonding pairs and 2 LP

square planar and octahedral

90

3 bonding pairs and 3 LP

t-shaped and octahedral

<90

2 bonding pairs and 4 LP

linear and octahedral

180

2 bonding pairs

linear

alkyl halide

C - X

polar

D-D and VDW

4 BP

tetrahedral

109.5

5 BP

trigonal bipyramidal

90, 120

6 BP

octahedral

90

alcohol

R - O - H

polar

hydrogen bonding, D-D (btwn C-O AND O-H), and VDW

ether

Csp³ - O - Csp³; R--O--R

polar

D-D and VDW

amine

Csp³ - N; R-NH₂, R₂NH, R₃N

polar

hydrogen bonding, VDW, D-D

ketone

…..O

…..II

C - C - C; R - C(=O)- R

polar

D -D, VDW

aldehyde

…..O

…..II

C - C - H; R-CH=O;

polar

D-D, hydrogen bonding, VDW

carboxylic acid

…..O

…..II

C - C - O - H; -COOH

polar

hydrogen bonding, VDW, and D-D

ester

…..O

…..II

C - C - O - C; carboxylic acid but swap H with C; R-COO-R

polar

VDW and D-D

acid halide

…..O

…..II

C - C - X; ketone but w a wild card; R-C(= O)-X

polar

VDW and D-D

amide

…..O

…..II

C - C - N; ketone with a N; R-C(=O)-NR^lR^ll

• NH₂

• N

• NH

polar

D-D, VDW, hydrogen bonding

nitrile

- C - - - N; R-C - - - N

polar

D-D and VDW

arene vs aryl

aryl is a function group but arene is standalone

nonpolar/weakly polar

VDW