Chapter 14: The Urinary System

ren/o

nephr/o

kidney

ur/o

-uria

urine

pyel/o

kidney pelvis

tub-

pipe

ureter/o

ureter

cyst/o

bladder

a sac containing fluid

urethr/o

urethra

-tripsy

crushing

grinding

-ptosis

drooping or sagging

calculus

calculi (plural)

a stone

catheter

tube for injecting or removing fluids

concretion

a solid or calcified mass formed by disease and found in a body cavity or tissue

creatinine

the end-product of muscle metabolism

waste product excreted in urine

denude

loss of epidermis, caused by exposure to urine, feces, bodily fluids, wound drainage, or friction; not associated with necrosis of the tissue

electrolyte

chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water; proper balance in blood is maintained by the kidneys

filtration

process in the kidney whereby blood pressure forces materials through a filter (the glomerulus)

micturition

urination

also called voiding

parenchyma

the functional tissue of an organ, as opposed to supporting tissue

slough

a mass or layer of necrotic tissue that separates from the underlying healthy tissue

solute

a substance dissolved in a solution

stranguria

painful urination due to muscle spasms in the urinary bladder and urethra

urea

a water-soluble, nitrogen-based compound that is the waste material of protein metabolism by the body’s cells; a major component of mammalian urine

hydr/o

water

olig/o

scanty

small

albumin/o

albumin (a protein in blood)

natr/i

natr/o

sodium

natrium

Na

kali/o

potassium

kalium

K

azot/o

nitrogen

bilirubin/o

bilirubin (the orange-yellow pigment in bile produced primarily from the breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells)

ket/o

keton/o

ketones

ketone bodies

the by-products of fat metabolism

py/o

pus

bacteri/o

bacteria

lith/o

stone

cath

catheter

catheterization

cysto

cystocentesis

GFR

glomerular filtration rate

the rate at which blood is filtered in the glomerulus

K⁺

potassium

Na⁺

sodium

pH

potential hydrogen

scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity

UA

urinalysis

sp gr

SG

specific gravity

a measure of the concentration of urine

BUN

blood urea nitrogen

UTI

urinary tract infection

FLUTD

feline lower urinary tract disease

PU/PD

polyuria/polydipsia