Intro to Uroradiology

Indications for renal ultrasound

Renal insufficiency work‑up, renal size, transplant evaluation, cyst vs solid mass characterization.

Indications for renal CT

Suspected stones, renal mass diagnosis/staging, trauma, hematuria evaluation.

Indications for renal MRI

Problem solving, renal tumor evaluation when CT contrast contraindicated, vascular imaging without iodinated contrast, urethral/periurethral imaging.

Indications for cystogram

Suspected bladder trauma, vesicoureteral reflux, postoperative leak evaluation.

Indications for urethrogram

Urethral trauma, suspected stricture, postoperative evaluation.

Test for acute renal insufficiency ****

Renal ultrasound (detects hydronephrosis, medical renal disease, no nephrotoxicity).

Test for acute flank pain with hematuria

Non‑contrast CT (nearly 100% accurate for ureteral stones).

Test for suspected leaking AAA

Non‑contrast CT to differentiate from ureteral stone symptoms.

Test for renal mass characterization (cyst vs solid)

Ultrasound—anechoic = cyst, vascular solid mass = RCC until proven otherwise.

Test for urethral trauma with blood at meatus or urethral stricture

Retrograde urethrogram to detect urethral tear.

Test for renal AV fistula

CTA if normal renal function

Test for renal tumor in renal insufficiency(cant recieve what?)

MRI (contrast safe, excellent tumor characterization).

Treatment option for renal tumor in poor surgical candidate

Percutaneous ablation (RFA, cryoablation).

Staghorn calculus think what bacteria?

Proteus mirabilis