APUSH Unit Three

Admiralty Courts

colonial British courts used to try smugglers and enforce trade laws like the Sugar Act and Stamp Act

enforcing mercantilism + navigation acts

fueled revolution colonists madd

Alexander Hamilton

represents the chief architect of the early American financial system, a leader of the Federalist Party, and the primary advocate for a strong national government

Alien and Sedition Acts

four laws passed in 1798 by a Federalist-controlled Congress and signed by President John Adams during the Quasi-War with France

challenged freedom of speech

fall of federalist party

Anti-Federalists

coalition of small farmers, rural residents, and regional leaders who opposed the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, fearing that a powerful central government would crush state sovereignty and individual liberties

major part in making the bill of rights

Articles of Confederation

first constitution of america, adopted in 1777 and in force from 1781 to 1789. It created a loose "firm league of friendship"

weak central government

no branches

unicameral legislature

Bill of Rights

protect individual civil liberties and place explicit legal limits on federal government power

goes with anti feds

ratification promise

Boston Massacre

deadly street clash in Boston, Massachusetts, where British soldiers fired into an angry crowd of colonists, killing five peop

Boston Tea Party

political protest by the Sons of Liberty in which colonists disguised as Native Americans dumped 342 chests of t

colonial unification

coercive acts

Civic Virtue

willingness of citizens and leaders to set aside personal, selfish desires and private interests in order to promote the common good and support the stability of a republican government

Committees of Correspondence

were shadow governments and letter-writing networks established by Patriot leaders across the Thirteen Colonies

shared news regarding British taxation

intercolonial unity

Common Law

legal system that relies on unwritten customs, judicial traditions, and past court rulings (precedents) rather than strict, comprehensive legislative statutes or written legal codes

foundation for the constitution

Common Sense

rejected British monarchy and argued for immediate colonial independence and a democratic republican government

unified undecided colonists

paved for declaration of independence

Excise Tax

indirect internal tax levied directly on the manufacture, sale, or consumption of a specific domestic good

Federalists

coalition that campaigned to ratify the U.S. Constitution, and the 1790s political party led by Alexander Hamilton that championed a strong national government

bad aoc

wanted good central gov

First and Second Continental Congress

intercolonial assemblies that transitioned the American colonies from uncoordinated resistance against Great Britain into a unified war-fighting nation

Intolerable Acts

a series of four punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 to punish the colony of Massachusetts Bay for the Boston Tea Party and reassert imperial authority

colonists think badly of the britishlo kwey

Judiciary Acts of 1789

organized the federl court system

national power vs state

functioning national gove

Land Ordinance of 1785

create a standardized system for surveying, dividing, and selling western lands north of the Ohio River

Model Treaty

critical document drafted by the Second Continental Congress to guide America's first foreign diplomats

negotaites trade or something with other countrues\

Neutrality Proclamation

a 1793 executive announcement by President George Washington declaring that the United States would remain strictly impartial in the war between Great Britain and France

executive authority

isolationism

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

established a orderly process for governing the Northwest Territory (lands north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River) and admitting new states to the Union on an equal footing with the original 13 states

Republican Motherhood???

holding that a republic's survival depends on the civic virtue and education of its citizens, making mothers responsible for raising patriotic, enlightened sons and daughters

Republicanism

revolutionary ideology holding that a government derives its authority from the consent of the governed, protects natural rights, and relies on civic virtue instead of a hereditary monarch ou shi

Shay’s Rebellion

angy farmers

an armed uprising of indebted farmers and Revolutionary War veterans in western Massachusetts, led by Daniel Shays

constitutional convention

replaced arts

weaknessesmof aoc

Stamp Act Congress

a historic meeting in New York City where elected delegates from nine American colonies gathered to organize a unified political protest against the British Stamp Act

putting belt to ahh

saying rights and griwoqan done to colonistss

Stamp Tax

a British law that required American colonists to buy a physical stamp for all paper goods, including legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, and playing cards

Thomas Paine

political activist and philosopher whose 1776 pamphlet Common Sense

wrote for the people lik fiarmers

declaration

gloabal revolutionayr influence

shaping political american culture

Three-fifths Compromise

an agreement reached during the 1787 Constitutional Convention stating that three-fifths of the enslaved population would be counted for determining congressional representation, the Electoral College, and direct federal taxation

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

compact theory of government and the right of states to nullify unconstitutional federal laws

secret

politicla ful

civil war

Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom

major turning point in the relationship between government and religion during the Revolutionary era

no state church

firstm amendnwr

very good

XYZ Affair

scandal where French agents demanded bribes and loans from American diplomats before allowing them to meet French Foreign Minister Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand, sparking massive public outrage and the Quasi-War

ou shi

john locke

natural rights, consent of the governed, rule of law, and religious toleration

Radical Whigs

warned against the dangers of arbitrary government power