1st quarter hamlit exam

ramirez

The Earth on the Turtle’s Back

Onondaga Tribe

When Grizzlies Walked Upright

Modoc Tribe

A Journey Through Texas

Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca

Boulders Taller than the Great Tower of Seville

Garcia Lopez de Cardenas

Of Plymouth Plantation

William Bradford

A City on a Hill

John Winthrop

To My Dear and Loving Husband

Anne Bradstreet

Huswifery

Edward Taylor

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

Jonathan Edwards

Speech in The Virginia Convention

Patrick Henry

The Autobiography of _____________

Benjamin Franklin

Young Goodman Brown & The Scarlet Letter

Nathanial Hawthorne

Origin Myth

A traditional story explaining how the world, people, animals, or customs began

The Earth On the Turtle’s Back

It explains creation while expressing Native beliefs of nature, cooperation, and the sacredness of animals.

Themes

An insight into life expressed in a work.

“All people are sinners, even those who seem holy.” - from the Scarlet Letter

Hawthorne’s themes are important because they give the reader insight into conflicts between Puritan social judgment and individual conscience.

Archetypes

Recurring characters, settings, plots, or symbols found in works across many cultures and time periods.

The creator figure appears in both “When Grizzlies Walked Upright” and “The Earth on the turtle’s back”

Archetypes show shared human patterns across literature.

Symbol

Something that represents something else beyond its literal meaning.

A tree can symbolize life and growth.

Symbols deepen meaning by turning literal objects into larger cultural or spiritual ideas.

Exploration Narratives

Firsthand accounts written by explorers describing new lands, peoples, and journeys.

A journey through texas

provides early european perspectives of the americas, though readers must take bias into account when reading them.

Puritan Plain Style

Simple, direct wording using plain words, short sentences, and clear religious ideas

To my dear and loving husband; “if ever two were one, then surely we.”
It reflects Puritan values of humility, clarity, and devotion to God rather than ornate decoration.

Syntax

The arrangement of words or phrases into sentences.

Huswifery - edward taylor arranges his work into a long prayer-like request to God

Puritan writers used syntax to create order and spiritual focus.

Inversion

Reversing the usual order of words for emphasis, rhyme, or formal tone.

To my dear and loving husband - “Thy love is such I can no way repay”

Helped older English poets maintain meter or stress important ideas.

Metaphor

A direct comparison between two things without using “like” or “as.”

Huswifery - Edward Taylor compares himself to a spinning wheel and God to the worker who shapes him.

Metaphors make abstract religious ideas, like salvation and spiritual transformation, easier to understand.

Conceit

An elaborate, surprising, or far-fetched metaphor.

Huswifery - the speaker’s soul being compared to a cloth being spun, dyed, and made into garments is a conceit.

Puritan writers used conceits to make ordinary objects reveal spiritual truths.

Extended Metaphor

A metaphor that is developed across several lines or stanzas, or throughout the work.

Huswifery - the speaker’s soul being compared to a cloth being made into a garment is developed throughout the work.

It unifies the poem and shows how everyday work can represent the soul’s relationship to God.

Stanzas

Groups of lines in a poem; similar to paragraphs.

To my dear and loving husband - organized in couplets

Stanzas organize ideas, create rhythm, and emphasize shifts in thought or emotion.

Allusion

A reference to another work, historical event, religious text, myth, or well-known figure.

“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” alludes to many biblical ideas of judgement, hell, and God’s wrath.

Allusions connect this work to the shared knowledge of God’s judgment between Puritans.

Oratory

The art of formal public speaking, especially persuasive speaking.

Patrick Henry’s “Speech in the Virginia Convention”

Oratory inspired political action.

Speeches

Formal addresses intended to inspire, inform, or persuade the audience.

Patrick Henry’s “Speech in the Virginia Convention”

Patrick Henry’s speech inspires the colonist to resist British control.

Restatement

Restating an idea in different words to make it clearer or more forceful.

Patrick Henry restates the idea that colonists must rebel because all peaceful options have failed.

His restatement emphasizes his point and makes it more memorable.

parallelism

Using similar grammatical structure to create rhythm and emphasis.

Patrick Henry uses parallel structure “we have petitioned, we have remonstrated, we have supplicated.”

His use of parallelism makes his argument seem logical, forceful, and easy to follow.