APHG Unit 2 Terms

Agricultural Density

number of farmers / aerable land

Arithmetic Density

Total number of people in a society / total land area

Census

Complete enumeration of everyone in a population

Crude Birth

Number of live births per 1000 people

Crude Death Rate

Number of deaths per 1000 people

Demographic Transition

5 stage model; The process of change within a society from high cbr and cdr to low cdr and cbr

Demography

Study of population statistics

Dependency Ration

number of people over 64 or below 15 to ones that are not

Doubling time

Time it takes to double population

ecuemene

portion earth occupied by permanent human settlements

Epidemic Transition Model

Defines the different types of epidemics that occur in each stage

Internally displaced person

Has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border

Guest Worker

allow immigrants to temporarily work, to obtain jobs in countries

Brain drain:

The emigration of highly trained or talented individuals from a country.

Brain gain

The immigration of highly trained or talented individuals into a country

Chain migration

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.

Circulation

Repetitive movement of people among a network of places.

Counterurbanization

Net migration from urban to rural areas.

Epidemiology

The branch of medicine dealing with incidence and prevalence of disease in populations.

Forced migration

Migration in which people are forced or compelled to leave their home region.

Infant mortality rate

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society

Internal migration

Permanent movement within a particular country.

Interregional Migration

Migration between regions in a country.

Intraregional Migration

Migration within a region of a country

Intervening obstacle

An environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration

Life Expectancy

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, based on current mortality statistics.

Medical revolution:

Medical and public health improvements that led to lower mortality rates.

Migration Transition

Change in migration patterns in a society following demographic tranistion

Mobility

All types of movement from one location to another

Natural Increase rate

Crude birth rate minus crude death rate

Net migration

The difference between immigration and emigration for an area

Overpopulation

The number of people exceeding the carrying capacity of a region

Pandemic

Disease spread across countries/continents

Physiological Density

The number of people per unit of area of arable land

Population Pyramid

Graph showing the age and sex distribution of a population

Quotas

Limit on the number of people who can immigrate from a certain location

REfugees

People who migrate to escape persecution, war, or natural disaster

Sex Ration

The number of males to 100 femals in the population

Total fertility rate

The average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime

Unauthorized immigrants

People who enter a country without legal permission

Voluntary migration

Migration by choice witout compulsion

Zero population growth

A population in equilibrium achieved through low fertility and mortality rates