Aspects of Health Lecture 5

What is sport and exercise psychology?

Answer: Study of behavior in sport and exercise. | | Explanation: Researchers study people and apply the findings to physical activity. | Source: Slides 2–3

In the ABCs, what does affect mean?

Answer: Emotions. | | Explanation: Affect describes feelings such as excitement or nervousness. | Source: Slide 4

In the ABCs, what does behavior mean?

Answer: Actions. | | Explanation: Behavior describes what a person actually does. | Source: Slide 4

In the ABCs, what do cognitions mean?

Answer: Thoughts. | | Explanation: Cognitions include beliefs, expectations, and self-talk. | Source: Slide 4

What does exercise psychology focus on?

Answer: Fitness, exercise, health, and wellness. | | Explanation: It studies mental factors connected with ongoing physical activity. | Source: Slide 5

What does sport psychology focus on?

Answer: Psychology of competitive sports. | | Explanation: It examines mental factors in athletes and competition. | Source: Slide 5

Who provides psychotherapy for clinical conditions?

Answer: A licensed clinical or counseling psychologist. | | Explanation: A kinesiology-trained activity specialist is not automatically licensed for psychotherapy. | Source: Slide 6

Who is often called the father of U.S. sport psychology?

Answer: Coleman R. Griffith. | | Explanation: He led early athletics research and later worked with the Chicago Cubs. | Source: Green article, p. 267

A player feels nervous before a game. Which ABC is this?

Answer: Affect. | | Explanation: Nervousness is an emotion. | Source: Slide 4

A runner thinks “I can finish this race.” Which ABC is this?

Answer: Cognition. | | Explanation: An encouraging belief is a thought. | Source: Slide 4

A player practices free throws for 20 minutes. Which ABC is this?

Answer: Behavior. | | Explanation: Practicing is an observable action. | Source: Slide 4

A player feels worried, thinks negatively, and stops practicing. Which ABCs appear?

Answer: All three: affect, cognition, behavior. | | Explanation: Feelings, thoughts, and actions are all described. | Source: Slide 4

A gym member struggles to stick to a walking routine. Which field studies this?

Answer: Exercise psychology. | | Explanation: It considers habits, wellness, and exercise participation. | Source: Slide 5

A college basketball player struggles under game pressure. Which field studies this?

Answer: Sport psychology. | | Explanation: Competition and performance are central. | Source: Slide 5

A trainer teaches goal-setting techniques to athletes. Which role fits?

Answer: Physical activity specialist. | | Explanation: The slide describes education and skill-building as this role’s focus. | Source: Slide 6

An athlete seeks therapy for clinical depression. Who should provide it?

Answer: A licensed mental health professional. | | Explanation: Psychotherapy for clinical conditions requires appropriate licensing. | Source: Slide 6

A player sets a specific free-throw target. Which mental skill is this?

Answer: Goal setting. | | Explanation: The athlete identifies a performance target. | Source: Slide 10

A player repeats “stay calm and follow through.” What skill is this?

Answer: Self-talk. | | Explanation: They use words to guide attention and confidence. | Source: Slide 10

An athlete pictures a successful race before competing. What skill is this?

Answer: Imagery. | | Explanation: They mentally rehearse an experience or movement. | Source: Slide 10

A basketball player focuses on the rim despite crowd noise. What skill is this?

Answer: Attentional control. | | Explanation: The player directs attention toward a relevant cue. | Source: Slide 10

An athlete uses muscle relaxation before competition. What technique is this?

Answer: Physical relaxation. | | Explanation: Relaxation is included in the lecture’s mental-skills list. | Source: Slide 10

A team argues and fails to coordinate. Which topic best fits?

Answer: Interpersonal and group processes. | | Explanation: It concerns relationships and working together. | Source: Slide 9

A coach explores why athletes persist through setbacks. Which topic fits?

Answer: Motivation. | | Explanation: It is one of the six major knowledge areas. | Source: Slide 9

A researcher studies how nearby cyclists change performance. Who did early work like this?

Answer: Norman Triplett. | | Explanation: The lecture describes his late-1800s bicycling studies. | Source: Slide 7

A professional team hires Griffith in 1938. Which team was it?

Answer: Chicago Cubs. | | Explanation: P. K. Wrigley hired him to study and improve the club. | Source: Green article, pp. 267–268

A team owner hires a psychologist who films batting mechanics. What was the goal?

Answer: Scientific improvement of training. | | Explanation: Griffith and his assistant filmed and measured player skills. | Source: Green article, pp. 267, 271

A manager mocks a psychologist’s work and blocks it. Which Cubs manager did this?

Answer: Charlie Grimm. | | Explanation: The article records his resistance to Griffith’s project. | Source: Green article, pp. 272–275

A coach starts listening to the research team more often in mid-1938. Who was he?

Answer: Gabby Hartnett. | | Explanation: Relations improved when Hartnett took over as manager. | Source: Green article, p. 276

Griffith wants practices to resemble real baseball games. Why?

Answer: To transfer practice skills into games. | | Explanation: He believed game-like practice would improve real-world performance. | Source: Green article, p. 276

A player uses films and charts to track performance. Whose approach does this reflect?

Answer: Coleman Griffith’s. | | Explanation: He proposed measurements and film feedback to improve skills. | Source: Green article, p. 274

A coach yells at a nervous catcher, making things worse. What did the researchers favor?

Answer: Confidence and gradual instruction. | | Explanation: Sterrett criticized yelling and recommended supportive teaching. | Source: Green article, p. 275

A team wins its league but the psychology project still fails. What season was this?

Answer: 1938. | | Explanation: The Cubs won the pennant, but most recommendations were not implemented. | Source: Green article, pp. 277–281

Why should a coach consider feelings, actions, and thoughts together?

Answer: All can shape sport participation. | | Explanation: The ABCs give a broader view of a player’s experience. | Source: Slide 4

Why should a kinesiology specialist avoid offering clinical psychotherapy without a license?

Answer: Teaching mental skills differs from clinical treatment. | | Explanation: The lecture separates education and performance skills from licensed care. | Source: Slide 6

Why was Griffith important even though his Cubs project mostly failed?

Answer: He helped pioneer psychology in professional sport. | | Explanation: Green calls it groundbreaking, despite limited adoption of his recommendations. | Source: Green article, pp. 267, 281–282

What does Grimm’s resistance teach about new training methods?

Answer: Evidence alone may not win team support. | | Explanation: Managers and team relationships affected whether suggestions were used. | Source: Green article, pp. 272–276

Why did Griffith want measurable skill tests?

Answer: To target practice and track improvement. | | Explanation: He proposed tests of accuracy, coordination, reaction, and other skills. | Source: Green article, p. 274

Why might shouting at an already anxious player hurt performance?

Answer: It can increase nervousness and reduce confidence. | | Explanation: Sterrett made this criticism while discussing catcher Ken O’Dea. | Source: Green article, p. 275

Why was a 1938 pennant not proof Griffith’s program worked?

Answer: Most of his methods were not implemented. | | Explanation: The team’s success did not establish that his recommendations caused it. | Source: Green article, pp. 275–281

Why practice mental skills alongside physical drills?

Answer: Mental factors affect performance and experience. | | Explanation: The lecture names focus, self-talk, imagery, relaxation, and goals as trainable skills. | Source: Slides 3, 10