Mushroom Science and Technology

Vocabulary flashcards covering the classification, structure, and types of mushrooms as described in the GREEN Science and Technology Book-9.

Mushroom (Agaricus sp.)

A fleshy saprophytic fungus that grows during the rainy season on damp places, decaying organic matter, trunks of trees, and rotten logs of wood.

Saprophytic fungus

A fungus that lives and grows on damp places and decaying organic matter.

Local mushrooms

Naturally sprouting mushrooms such as Bagale, Kukhure, and Chhate.

Botton mushroom (I)

One of the common types of mushrooms cultivated in mushroom farms.

Oyster mushroom (Kanne Chyau)

A popular type of mushroom cultivated in farms for domestic use or generating income.

Agaricus campestris

A common mushroom species that is cultivated in open fields.

Two kingdom system classification

A system where mushroom is classified under Kingdom Plantae, Sub-kingdom Cryptogams, Division Thallophyta, and Sub-division Fungi.

Five kingdom system classification

A system where mushrooms are kept in Kingdom Fungi.

Mycelium

The vegetative part of the mushroom plant body located just below the soil rich in organic matter.

Basidiocarp

The reproductive part of the mushroom plant body.

Hyphae

Slender, hyaline, and septate mass of branched threads that form a network in the substratum.

Secondary mycelia

Hyphae having binucleate cells that are slender, hyaline, and septate.

Pileus

The cap-like part of the reproductive structure (basidiocarp) of a mushroom.

Stipe

The stalk of the mushroom supporting the pileus.

Gills

The vertical, plate-like structures located under the pileus of a mushroom.

Annulus or volva

A ring-like structure found on the stipe of the mushroom.

Powdery substance under the gill

A substance observed under a microscope after leaving a matured mushroom gill for $2$ days.