Christian Trad in Women's Voices Exam 2

What were John Wycliffe’s main ideas?

Invisible, external reality; the mystical church is NOT the clergy but all of God’s chosen faithful; insisted church teachings and institutions should be measured against scripture; lead to publication of the Bible in English

Lollards

group under John Wycliffe banned in England for English copy of Bible

Jan Hus

Read Wycliffe; caused a rebellion in Bohemia against Catholic Church for German speaking clergy; created Czech Hussite Church independent from Rome

Paper and Printing

massive increase in printing; distribution of Bibles in vernacular languages (German first)

Landes Kirche

places where the care of religious community was left to civic authorities

Martin Luther + main ideas

called for ecclesiastical reform; criticized selling indulgences

Where did Luther take refuge during the reformation?

Territory of Fredrick the Wise

justification

being saved

sanctification

being Holy

Luther’s atonement theory

Alien Righteousness

Sola Scriptura

Through scripture alone, we know about God’s saving actions on our behalf

Sola Gratia

Through God’s grace alone does God choose to save; saved through Christian merits

Sola Fide

Through Faith alone (trusting in God’s promises as told in scripture) do sinners receive Christian merits

Church of England

protestant denomination associated with English/Anglican/Episcopalian monarchy

Puritans

protestants who wanted to “purify” C of E from all elements of Catholicism; radical

Calvinism

Form of protestant that stresses God’s sovereignty (control over everything); ordinates from John Calvin Swiss (Geneva) origin

Predestination

God elects the saved before time (Calvinism); human actions have no impact on salvation

Recusant

English Roman Catholic between 1570-1791 who refused to attend mandatory C of E masses

Acts of Supremacy

King Henry VIII breaks with C of E and makes him the supreme of the church

King Edward VI

protestant

Queen Mary

Catholic; mandatory church attendance

Acts & Monuments (Foxe’s Book of Martyrs)

polemical account of protestants who died during Mary’s reign

Queen Elizabeth

compromise between Catholics and Protestants

Elizabethan Settlement

protestant theology with catholic ritual/feel

Who were James I and II & Charles I and II

stuarts

1688 Act of Toleration

allows for Protestant descent from the C of E; did NOT protect Roman Catholics

Quakers

claimed equality of men and women during the Women Reformation

Council of Trent

Catholic Ecumenical council; response to protestant reformation calls for reform within the Catholic Church; confirm, clarify, correct

Tridentine Mass (trent)

7 sacraments: baptism, communion, penance, marriage, holy orders, anointing of the sick

St. Theresa of Avila

mystical theologian; vision of being pierced with a a lance by an angel (pain and ecstasy); co-founded Carmelites

What were St. Theresa of Avila’s two famous works?

interior castle and the way of perfection

Ignatian Spirituality

no vows; obedience to the Pope

Isabel Roser

16th century female scholastic Jesuit

Doctrine of Discovery

set of religious and legal documents

Dum Diversas & Romanus Pontifex

authorized Portugal to enslave non-Christians + conquer west Africa and beyond; issued by Pope Nicholas

Inter Caetera

Pope Alexander VI granted Castilian Monarchs (Spain) rights to land, people, resources 100 leagues west of the Azores

Treaty of Tordesillas

portugal and spain move line (west spain, east Portugal)

Requirmento

must be read out loud before conquering lands/territory; divine right to take land through Pope’s authority

Peninsulares

people born in spain

Creoles

people of European descent born into colonies

Mestizos

people of mixed indigenous and European descent

Mulattoes

African + Euro descent

Francisco de Victoria

argued violence can’t be used against indigenous people unless they were violating Spanish property rights; Christians can preach but not forcibly convert

Bartalome de las Casas

Dominican Bishop; universal human dignity/ all humans are made in the image of God

Valladolid Debate

debate about moral legitimacy of colonialism in the Americas

Methodist

protestant group that emphasized emotion and piety; offshoot of the Episcopalian church

AME

African-American form of methodist; created counter-racism

Womanism

originated in 1970/80’s to describe theology done from the standpoint of black women

Exclusivist religious identity

no blending religions

Exclusivist rationality

over categorizing; scientific reductionism

Prioritizing capitalist values

control, individuality, disconnection from place, time, traditions and community

Devaluing narrative and contextual knowledge

cultural values being devalued as myths

Dismissing the spiritual

categorizing ideas/practices as “primitive” or “superstitious”

mammie

“happy servant”

jezebel

scandalously sexual

Religious Patriarchy

exclusion of women in leadership roles

Religious Syncretism

blending of religious beliefs

West-African-Christian syncretic religions:

Afro, Candomble, Shango, Voodoo

Black Church

place of autonomy, social origination and support, intellectual life, activism and resistance, & spiritual nourishment

Jarena Lee Vision Analysis (spider web)

reappointed the imagery to convey God’s care for her; affirms God’s saving grace in her life and her life is worth living

Why does Lee compare herself to St.Paul?

seeing God

Vatican II

Catholic Council

Pope John XXIII

called Vatican II

Pope Paul VI

closed Vatican II

Aggiornamento

task of bringing the Church “up to date”

Resourcement

returning to scripture + classic Christian texts to vitalize the contemporary church

Marriage Metaphor

God/Christ = the groom Church = bride

Pilgrim People

people on a holy journey during this life; have not reached destination but on the move; adapting to new situations; persuasive not hierarchal rhetoric

Lumen Gentium

universal call to holiness (inward facing)

Integral Ecology

understanding everything is connected, perceiving interconnectedness, harmony with creation

Solidarity

the social dimension of love; commitment to the common good

Cardinal Virtues

prudence, justice, fortitude, temperance

Prudence

being able to discern true good in every circumstance and choosing the right means to obtain it

Justice

give what is due to God & neighbor; protects human rights; equality; common good

Fortitude

cultivates courage & perseverance against temptation and to overcome obstacles

Temperance

moderates attraction of pleasures and provides balance in use of created goods (don’t over consume)