Complex Lipid Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering complex lipids, including types, chemical components, and specific functions of glycolipids, phospholipids, and lipoproteins based on the Elrazi University lecture.

Complex lipids

Esters of Fatty acids with alcohols containing additional groups such as phosphate, nitrogenous base, carbohydrate, and protein.

Phospholipids

Complex lipids consisting of fatty acids + alcohol + phosphoric acid + nitrogenous base.

Glycolipids

Also known as glycosphingolipids, these are lipids that contain carbohydrate (CHO).

Lipoproteins

Complex lipids composed of lipids associated with proteins.

Cerebrosides

The simplest form of glycolipids, containing Ceramide and one or more sugar.

Ceramide

A structure consisting of sphingosine attached to a fatty acid.

Choline

A nitrogenous base found in phospholipids with the formula $-CH_2-CH_2-N(CH_3)_3$.

Ethanolamine

A nitrogenous base found in phospholipids with the formula $-CH_2-CH_2-NH_3$.

Serine

A nitrogenous base found in phospholipids with the formula $-CH_2-CH(COOH)-NH_3$.

Glycerophospholipids

A classification of phospholipids where the alcohol is glycerol.

Sphingophospholipids

A classification of phospholipids where the alcohol is sphingosine.

Phosphatidic acid (PA)

The simplest glycerophospholipid, consisting of Glycerol + saturated fatty acid + unsaturated fatty acid + phosphoric acid.

Lecithins

Also known as phosphatidylcholine, these contain glycerol, saturated/unsaturated fatty acids, phosphoric acid, and a choline base; they are important constituents of plasma membranes.

Apolipoproteins

The protein constituents of lipoproteins that vary from one class to another.

Chylomicrons

Lipoproteins that transport triacylglycerol (TAG) from the intestine (dietary lipids).

Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)

Lipoproteins that transport synthesized lipids (TAG) from the liver to other tissues.

Low density lipoprotein (LDL)

Known as 'bad cholesterol,' these transport cholesterol from the liver to different tissues.

High density lipoprotein (HDL)

Known as 'good cholesterol,' these transport cholesterol from different tissues to the liver.