Cell membrane structure

Phospholipids have a Hydrophilic ___ and and Hydrophobic___.

head / tail

What does it mean for a cell membrane to be Bi layer?

It has two layers of Phospholipids

Intergral proteins

Span the width of the cell membrane

Peripheral proteins

Located on one side of the cell membrane

Cholesterol

A lipid that maintains the structural stability of the cell membrane.

Carohydrate

Allow for cell to cell recognition, and allow the immune system to recognize foreign cells.

What attaches to the proteins and phospholipids on the outside of the cell membrane?

Carbohydrates

Homeostasis

Equal amounts on each side

Selectively Permeable

Only certain substances can move across

Passive transport

Molecules move freely through the cell membrane.

Diffusion

The moment of molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

Osmosis

Movement of water until equilibrium is reached.

Isotonic solution

The water and the solute are equal on both sides of the cell.

Hypotonic solution

The concentration of the solute outside the cell is less than the inside (more water outside of cell).

Hypertonic solution

The concentration of the solute outside the cell is higher than the inside (more water inside of cell).

Facilitated diffusion

Larger molecules that can’t passively cross the membrane are carried through a channel protein.

Active transport

Molecules are moved from low to high concentration with the use of ATP and a carrier protein.

Endocytosis

Substances are taken into the cell by the formation of in-foldings in the cell memebrane.

Phagocytosis endocytosis

Larger particles are pocketed into the cell.

Pinocytosis endocytosis

Smaller particles are pocketed into the cell.

Exocytosis

Substances exit the cell through Vacuoles fusing with the membrane and being pushed out.