Chemistry Second Partial

Period

Row

Family

Column

Ionic Bond

Metal and NonMetal

Transfer of electrons

Covalent Bond

Nonmetals

Share electrons

Covalent Polar Bond

Electronegativity difference equal or greater than 0.5

Covalent No Polar Bond

Electronegativity difference below 0.5

3 atoms geometry

AB₂ Linear

4 atoms geometry

AB₃ trigonal planar

5 atoms geometry

AB₄ Tetrahedral

6 atoms geometry

AB₃E Trigonal pyramidal

Atomic size of elements

Down - Left

of periodic table
Distance of the valence electrons from the nucleus

Metallic Character

Down - Left

of periodic table
Tendency of an atoms to give e- and become more positive

Electronegativity

Up - Right

of periodic table
Measure of the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract e- to itself.

INTERMOLECULAR FORCE: London dispersion forces

Present in all molecules, especially in nonpolar

INTERMOLECULAR FORCE: Dipole-Dipole

Present in polar molecules

Polyatomic Ions

A group of covalently formed atoms that has an overall ionic charge of cero

Combination

A+B → AB

Decomposition

AB → A+B

Single Replacement

A+BC → AC+B

Double Replacement

AB+CD → AD+CB