Introduction to Physics and Its Branches

Vocabulary flashcards reviewing core definitions, branches of physics, and interdisciplinary connections to biology, chemistry, and medicine.

Physics

An observation- and experiment-based branch of science that examines the relationship between space, time, matter, and energy.

Branches of Physics

The major sub-fields of physics, which include mechanics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, optics, solid-state physics, atomic physics, nuclear physics, and high energy and plasma physics.

Atomic Physics

The branch of physics that considers atoms as a whole and examines atomic structure, energy levels, atomic models, and how atoms interact and form chemical bonds.

Nuclear Physics

The branch of physics that examines the properties and interactions of the fundamental particles (protons and neutrons) that constitute the atomic nucleus, as well as radioactive radiation.

Solid-State Physics

The branch of physics that investigates non-deformable or solid-state materials, with its primary research topic being symmetric and crystalline structures.

Solid State Drive (SSD)

A computer storage device made possible by advances in solid-state physics, notable for its compact physical structure and fast data reading capabilities.

High Energy and Plasma Physics

The branch of physics that studies the fundamental building blocks of matter and their interactions, along with the plasma state of matter (distinct from solid, liquid, and gas).

Thermodynamics

The sub-branch of physics that investigates how heat energy is propagated and transferred through small particles.

Optics

The sub-branch of physics concerned with light phenomena, light absorption, and illumination.

Mechanics

The sub-branch of physics that examines motion, forces, rotation, and related energy transformations.

Electromagnetism

The sub-branch of physics that studies electrical charges, magnetic fields, and magnets.

Applications of Physics in Medicine

Medical technology derived from physics, including X-ray (röntgen) equipment for detecting bone fractures, MRI (MR) scanners, ultrasound machines, and electroshock devices.

Applications of Physics in Biology

Physical principles that explain how plants absorb light and convert light energy during photosynthesis, including which light wavelengths yield better results.

Contribution of Physics to Chemistry

Physical studies on subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) and electron orbital motion around the nucleus that helped chemists understand atomic structure and behavior.