Environmental Vocabulary and English Structures

Flashcards covering general environmental vocabulary, grammatical structures, and advanced ecological terms from the lecture notes.

destruction (N)

The act or process of destroying something (sự phá hủy).

devastating (Adj)

Causing severe shock, distress, or immense destruction (phá hủy tàn phá).

discard (V)

To get rid of or throw away something no longer useful (loại bỏ).

disposal (N)

The action or process of getting rid of something (sự vứt bỏ).

disrupt (V)

To interrupt an event, activity, or process by causing a disturbance or breakdown (phá vỡ).

engagement (N)

An arrangement, pledge, or formal commitment (sự hứa hẹn).

overuse (N)

The state of using something too much or excessively (sử dụng quá mức).

pesticide (N)

A chemical substance used to kill harmful insects and pests (thuốc trừ sâu).

significant (Adj)

Important, notable, or of consequence (quan trọng / qtrọng).

sustainably (Adv)

In a way that can be maintained over time without depleting natural resources (một cách bền vững).

tackle (V)

To make determined efforts to deal with and resolve a problem or difficult task (giải quyết / deal with).

widespread (Adj)

Found, distributed, or occurring over a large area or among many people (lan truyền rộng rãi).

an alternative to + N

A substitute or other available option for a noun (một sự thay thế cho).

be aimed at + N/V-ing

To be directed towards or intended for a specific purpose or audience (hướng đến).

be aware of + N

Having knowledge or perception of a situation or fact (nhận thức về).

be conscious of + N

Being fully awake, aware, and responsive to something (nhận thức được).

be mindful of + N

Taking care to observe or remain attentive to something (lưu tâm).

become + Adj

To start to be or transition into a particular state or condition (trở nên).

break down

To decompose, rot, or separate into constituent chemical parts (phân hủy).

contribute by + V-ing

To provide help or give support towards a result by performing an action (đóng góp bằng cách).

cut down on + N/V-ing

To reduce the amount, size, or consumption of something (cắt giảm).

due to + N/V-ing

Because of or owing to (bởi vì).

encourage somebody to V

To give support, confidence, or urge someone to take action (khuyến khích ai làm gì).

focus on + N/V-ing

To concentrate attention, effort, or energy on something (tập trung vào).

go green

To adopt an environmentally friendly, ecologically responsible way of living (sống xanh).

harm to + N

Damage, injury, or adverse effect caused to something (gây hại cho).

instead of + N/V-ing

In place of or as an alternative to (thay vì).

lead to + N/V-ing

To result in or cause a particular consequence (dẫn đến).

look for + N

To search for or try to find something (tìm kiếm).

make a difference

To have a noticeable, meaningful effect or positive impact (tạo nên sự khác biệt).

make + N + a priority

To treat something as the most important or urgent concern (ưu tiên làm gì).

play a role in + N/V-ing

To have an active part or function in an activity or situation (đóng vai trò trong).

pose a risk of + N/V-ing

To create, present, or constitute a hazard or danger of something (gây ra nguy cơ).

put + N + at risk

To endanger or expose something to peril or loss (đặt cái gì vào nguy cơ / làm cho nguy hiểm).

slow down

To reduce speed or decrease rate of operation (làm chậm lại).

such as + N/V-ing

Used to introduce examples of something; for example (chẳng hạn).

take + thời gian + to V

To require a specific amount of time to complete an action (mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì).

take care of + N

To look after, protect, or manage something/someone (chăm sóc).

the more … the more

A comparative structure showing that an increase in one clause produces a proportional increase in another (càng … càng).

throw away + N / throw + N + away

To discard, get rid of, or trash an unwanted object (vứt bỏ).

turn off + N / turn + N + off

To deactivate, switch off, or stop the operation of an appliance (tắt).

unplug (V)

To disconnect an electrical appliance by pulling its plug out of the socket (rút, ngắt).

habitat (N)

The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or organism (môi trường sống).

waste (V/N)

Unwanted, unusable materials, or to use carelessness with resources (chất thải / gây hại).

harm (V/N)

Physical injury or damage, or the act of causing injury or damage (gây hại).

wildlife (N)

Wild animals, birds, and plants that live in natural conditions without human intervention (động vật hoang dã).

harmful (Adj)

Causing or likely to cause damage, injury, or hurt (có hại).

activist (N)

A person who campaigns to bring about political or social change (nhà hoạt động xã hội).

alter (V)

To change, modify, or make different in form or character (thay đổi).

awareness (N)

Knowledge or perception of a situation, issue, or fact (sự nhận thức).

biodegradable (Adj)

Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other biological living organisms (có thể bị vi khuẩn làm thối rữa / phân hủy sinh học).

collectively (Adv)

As a group, gathered together, or done jointly (thu thập / tập thể).

compost (N/V)

Decayed organic material used as plant fertilizer, or the process of creating it (phân trộn).

consumption (N)

The action of using up a resource, goods, or energy (sự tiêu thụ).

contaminated (Adj)

Made impure, unclean, or polluted by exposure to poisonous substances (làm bẩn / ô nhiễm).

contamination (N)

The process of contaminating or state of being contaminated, or single-use contamination (sự ô nhiễm / dùng 1 lần).

decompose (V)

To break down organically into simpler chemical parts; rot (phân hủy).

deforestation (N)

The deliberate, widespread clearing or clearing away of forested land (sự phá rừng).

degradation (N)

The process in which the quality, state, or condition of something deteriorates (sự suy thoái).

excessive (Adj)

More than is necessary, normal, proper, or desirable (quá mức).

expert (N)

A person with comprehensive, authoritative knowledge or skill in a particular area (chuyên gia).

extinction (N)

The state or process of a species dying out or ceasing to exist completely (tuyệt chủng / gọi nạn).

extreme weather (N)

Severe, unseasonal, or unexpected atmospheric conditions and weather events (thời tiết cực đoan).

frequency (N)

The rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a given time period (thường xuyên / tần suất).

heatwave (N)

A prolonged, continuous period of abnormally hot weather (đợt nóng).

impact (N)

A marked effect, influence, or impression produced by something (ảnh hưởng).

improperly (Adv)

In an unsuitable, incorrect, or inappropriate manner (không phù hợp / ko hợp lý).

ingest (V)

To take food, liquid, or substances into the body by swallowing or absorbing them (ăn vào bụng).

initiative (N)

An act, strategy, or fresh approach designed to resolve a problem (sáng kiến).

mindful (Adj)

Conscious or attentive; keeping something in mind (quan tâm, chú ý đến).

overload (N)

An excessive quantity, load, or burden (lượng quá tải).