SS Unit 2

Three Rounds of Globalization

• Ancient (Silk Road)

• Historical (Age Of Exploration)

• Contempory (Post WWII)

Silk Road

• Desire to acquire un-native resources = international trade

• extensive trade routes

• trading posts

Columbian Exchange

• Exchange of people (slaves), diseases, farming, crops, animals

Transatlantic Slave Trade

• b/w 16th and 19th centry

• 10-12M Africans transported from Africa to “New World” (Americas)

Three Reasons for Exploration

Gold - Desire of riches

Glory - Desire of power

God - Spread of religion

Imperialism

Political system that intentionally benefits a people over another (Mother country)

Colonlization

Economic System Europeans used to get raw materials from others (movement)

Eurocentrism

European worldview = superior to others

Mercantilism

• ecomonic system of government sponsered business ventures to make European monarchs rich

• colonies extract raw materials

• materials go to Europe to become finished goods

• finished products go to Europeans or back to colonies with high tax = rich monarchs

• only benefitted the monarchs = intense rivalry b/w different nations

• more buying than selling

Capitalism

• generating wealth by individuals

• little government control = free market

• ppl compete b/c of self interest

• initiative = motivation = $$$

• Right to private property and $ with development and use of property

• Ownership of good in a company = private/by the ppl

Monopoly

a company/provider with no competition and controls prices of products and services

Industrialization

• Desire to make money = faster way to produce products

• Products used to be made with cottage industry

• factories = > speed and amount of good produced

• argiculture => manufacturing

• Child labour ended in great depression b/c too many adults needed jobs

Cultural Contact

contact b/w Europeans and Indigenous ppls that has had an impact on both cultures

• exchanged goods and technologies

Depopulation

conflict, disease, loss of resources, cultural contact/changes, assimilation (Beothuk)

Cash Crops

Crops that were sold for profit rather than personal comsuption and were often grown in large quantities for export. Examples include tobacco, cotton, and sugar.

• Africa b/c Europeans realized that the continent was rich with the materials

Berlin Conference

A meeting in 1884-1885 where European powers divided Africa among themselves, establishing colonial borders without regard for indigenous cultures or existing political boundaries.

British East India Trading Company

A British trading company established in 1600, which played a significant role in commerce and colonial rule in India, influencing trade and political control.

Caste

A traditional social stratification system in India that divides people into hierarchical groups based on occupational and social roles.

Sepoys

Indian soldiers who served in the British Army.

Sepoy Mutiny of 1857-58

A major uprising against British rule in India, also known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857, where sepoys revolted due to grievances related to cultural and military practices.

Salt March

A nonviolent protest led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 against the British salt tax, where participants marched to the sea to make their own salt.

Segregation

Divide b/w people based on race, ethnicity, social class, etc

Parentalism

to govern a people by providing for them but not giving them any rights/responsibilities