Paper 1, Prescribed Subject 2: Conquest and its Impact The reign of Isabella and Ferdinand (Conquest of Granada, Inquisition)

Alhambra Decree

Issued in March 1492, it mandated the expulsion of all practicing Jews from Spain unless they converted to Christianity.

Anti-Semitism

Hostility or discrimination against Jews, driven by fanaticism, envy, and distrust towards conversos.

Auto-da-fé

A public ceremony for executing sentences by the Spanish Inquisition, emphasizing the fusion of royal and ecclesiastical authority.

Conversos

Jews who converted to Christianity but faced suspicion and discrimination from Old Christians.

Cryptojews

Individuals who practiced Christianity outwardly while secretly maintaining Jewish rituals.

Ferdinand II of Aragon

King who ruled jointly with Isabella, known for enforcing Catholic orthodoxy and signing the Alhambra Decree.

Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros

Grand Inquisitor noted for enforcing religious uniformity and repression of heterodox practices.

Hernando de Talavera

A moderate advocate for gentle conversion methods compared to harsher policies of Cisneros.

Limpieza de sangre

A doctrine distinguishing Old Christians from New Christians, used to exclude individuals of 'impure' lineage.

Spanish Inquisition

State-controlled tribunal targeting conversos and cryptojews, led by Tomás de Torquemada.

Isabella I of Castile

Queen who centralized authority and co-signed the Alhambra Decree, viewing the Inquisition as essential for stability.

Jewish Diaspora

The dispersion of Jews following the 1492 expulsion, with Sephardic Jews preserving their identity across the Mediterranean.

Tomás de Torquemada

The first Grand Inquisitor who expanded the Inquisition and promoted the expulsion of Jews.