IS2000 Chapter 5

Algorithm

A series of computer instructions, like a recipe

Ambient AI

An inconspicuous, omnipresent system that autonomously responds to our inputs via voice, gestures, or other natural means.

Autonomous database

A system that takes unstructured data, applies AI, and creates a database from it. Decides how to organize the data in a way it can find it all later.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Software that enables an IS to mimic or simulate human intelligence.

Autonomy

The ability to operate, at least in part, without direct human intervention

Boolean

A type of variable with 2 values

Broad AI

A flexible and general intelligence that is applied across a broad set of tasks such as counseling, planning, or goal setting.

Deep learning

A particular type of machine learning when it adjusts weights at different layers.

Deepfake

A story or image of something that did not occur with the intent to mislead.

Expert systems

Rule-based systems that encode data from human knowledge in the form of if/then rules.

If/Then rules

Statements that specify that if a particular condition exists, then some actions should be taken.

Good Old Fashioned AI (GOFAI)

What Reasoning AI is often now referred to as.

Inference engine

Applies logical rules to the knowledge base to derive new knowledge.

Intelligence

The ability to acquire, store, and apply knowledge.

Knowledge

Justified beliefs.

Knowledge management

Acquires, stores, and applies knowledge, but it broadens the Acquire activity to include creation.

Knowledge base

The expert system that if/then rules are stored in.

Machine learning

A broader term that encompasses all techniques that use algorithms to discover patterns in data and evaluate their own performance.

Narrow AI

Accomplishes a narrowly defined intelligent task such as generating a recommendation, spotting a fraudulent financial transaction, driving a car, etc.

Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Studies how AI systems acquire, store, and apply natural language data, and how computers make sense out of human language.

Neutral Network (NN)

A technique of AI inspired by the networks of neurons in our brains and central nervous systems.

Pattern-matching AI

Seeks to act from perceptions, but does not try to copy the reasoning methods humans use. Instead of using human logic, the AI agent matches perceived data w stored data

Reasoning AI

Use logic. These systems acquire, store, and apply knowledge in the form of logic using logical rules

Robot

An autonomous, lifelike machine that performs an action in place of a human.

Robotics

The design, construction, and use of autonomous machines that mimic human or animal actions.

Singularity

An event where AI will gain enough intelligence to initiate a runaway cycle of self-improvement that eventually leads AI to turn on us.

Superintelligence

A system that can exceed human intelligence on any subject

Supervised machine learning

Having a relationship or model in mind prior to training the AI system.

Unsupervised machine learning

When the structure of the data/AI system is not known beforehand

Turing test

An AI passes the ________ if it can fool individuals into thinking they are talking with a real person.