9. Two ways exercise raises stroke volume & 10. Venous return

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4 Terms

1
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What is Frank-Starling law

more venous return = higher EDV = more fiber stretch = more optimal actin-myosin overlap for biggest contraction = SV rises

2
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What is Increased contractibility do for increasing cardiac output?

Sympathetic norepinephrine or epinephrine activates beta-1 receptors and increases cAMP and calcium handling = Ca released faster and faster reuptake = ESV falls and SV rises

3
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What is venus return?

The blood that gets returned to the heart, feeds directly into EDV

4
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How does blood get returned to the heart? (6 things)

venus blood is at low pressure but gradient from peripheral veins drives flow, veins are compliant and low resistance, one way valves, skeletal-muscle pump, respiratory bump (inspiration/braining in lowers thoracic pressure which drives blood to heart), sympathetic vasoconstriciton