knh 209 quiz 3 smaller set

Two Parts of the Nervous System

Central (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral

Two Parts of the Peripheral Nervous System

Somatic (voluntary movement) and autonomic (involuntary actions)

Protective Fluid Around the CNS

Cerebrospinal fluid

Cerebr/o and Encephal/o

Brain

Cerebell/o

Cerebellum

Cephal/o

Head

Crani/o

Head, skull

Mening/o and Meningi/o

Meninges

Dur/o

Dura (layer that surrounds the brain)

Neur/o

Nerve

Myel/o

Spinal cord, bone marrow

What Does Neurology Study?

Actions

What Do Psychology and Psychiatry Study?

Behavior

Esthesi/o

Feeling, sensation

Phas/o

Speech

Phren/o and Psych/o

Mind

Schiz/o

A break from reality

Gnosi/o

Know

-Mania

Excessive desire

-Phobia

Excessive fear or sensitivity

-Paresis

Slight or partial paralysis

-Plegia

Paralysis

Aphasia

Inability to speak

Dementia

Loss of mental function

Dysphasia

Difficulty speaking

Neurasthenia

Nerve weakness

Syncope

Fainting (losing consciousness due to lack of blood flow to brain)

Cephalalgia

Head pain

Neuralgia

Nerve pain

Paralysis

Loss of sensation or motor function

Paresis

Partial paralysis (loss of sensation)

Acrophobia

Fear of heights

Agoraphobia

Fear of open spaces

Hydrophobia

Fear of water

Kleptomania

Desire to steal

Pyromania

Desire to start fires

Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

Complex X-ray test

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Procedure used to examine electrical activity of the brain

Lumbar Puncture

Inserting a needle into the space between vertebrae and removing fluid to examine (spinal tap)

Cerebral Angiography

Procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain

Myelogram

Image of the spinal cord (usually by X-ray)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan

Imaging that uses radiation to examine cross sections of the brain

Encephalocele

Hernia of the brain

Hematoma

Tumor mass made of blood

Epidural Hematoma

Hematoma located on top of dura

Intracerebral Hematoma

Blood tumor inside the brain

Subdural Hematoma

Blood tumor below the dura

Meningocele

Hernia of the meninges

Neuritis

Nerve inflammation

Afferent Nerve

Nerve carries impulses TOWARDS the CNS

Efferent Nerve

Nerve carries impulses AWAY from the CNS

Psychiatrist

Doctor who specializes in treating the mind

Psychiatry

Branch of medicine that treats brain functions

Psychology

Branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind

Psychologist

Doctor who specializes in the study of the mind

Psychosomatic

Pertaining to the relationship between the mind and body

Cerebrovascular Accident

Accident involving the blood vessels of the brain

Stroke

Loss of brain function caused by an interruption of blood to the brain

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

"Mini-stroke" caused by blood blockage to the brain; goes away within 24 hours

Hydrocephaly

Abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain

Encephalitis

Inflammation of the brain

Encephalopathy

Brain disease

Meningitis

Inflammation of the meninges

Myelitis

Inflammation of the spinal cord

Neuropathy

Disease of the nervous system

Poliomyelitis

Inflammation of spinal cord's gray matter

Anorexia

Eating disorder characterized by not eating

Autism

Psychiatric condition characterized by patients' lack of communication and hyper-fixation on self

Bulimia

Eating disorder characterized by overeating and purging

Cerebral Palsy

Paralysis caused by damage to motor areas of the brain

Epilepsy

Disease characterized by seizures

Narcolepsy

Disease characterized by uncontrolled and sudden sleepiness

Neurosis

A nerve condition

Psychosis

A condition pertaining to the mind

Schizophrenia

Mental illness characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and disordered speech

Anesthetic

Drug that causes loss of sensation

Analgesic

Drug that relieves pain

Anticonvulsant

Drug that opposes convulsions

Antipsychotic

Drug that opposes mental conditions

Anxiolytic

Drug that reduces anxiety

Craniectomy

Removal of part of the skull

Craniotomy

Incision into the skull

Neurectomy

Removal of a nerve

Neurolysis

Destruction of a nerve

Neuroplasty

Reconstruction of a nerve

Neurorrhaphy

Suturing of a nerve

Ocul/o, Ophthalm/o, and Opt/o

Eye

Lacrim/o and Dacry/o

Tear

-opia and -opsia

Vision condition

Blephar/o

Eyelid

Conjunctiv/o

Conjunctiva (membrane covering the eye)

Corne/o and Kerat/o

Cornea

Scler/o

Sclera (white of eye)

Retin/o

Retina

Ir/o and Irid/o

Iris

Phac/o and Phak/o

Lens

Aur/o and Ot/o

Ear

Acous/o and Audi/o

Sound, hearing

-Acusis

Hearing condition

Tympan/o and Myring/o

Eardrum