Zoology Lab Practical 1

Tube-like sponge classification

Phylum: Porifera
Class: Calcarea

What is this and how could you tell?

Calcarea, will be “crispy” when squished bc of calcium carbonate spicules

Bath sponge classification

Phylum: Porifera

Class: Demospongiae

What is this and how could you tell?

Demospongiae, squishy when squished

What are oscula?

big holes in sponges where water escapes

What are ostium?

little holes where water comes in

Glass sponge classification

Phylum: Porifera

Class: Hexactinellida

What is this and how could you tell?

Hexactinellida, in a glass box with spicules made of silica

Octocoral classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Subphylum: Anthozoa

Subclass: Octocorallia

What is this and how could you tell?

octocoral, long branching structures with polyps

Sea Pen classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Subphylum: Anthozoa

Subclass: Octocorallia

What is this and how could you tell?

sea pen, long base with long plume and many polyps

Sea Whip classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Subphylum: Anthozoa

Subclass: Octocorallia

What is this and how could you tell?

Sea Whip, looks like pile of spaghetti with polyps

Sea Fan classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Subphylum: Anthozoa

Subclass: Octocorallia

What is this and how could you tell?

Sea Fan, looks like a fan with holes for water to easily flow through polyps

Sea Pansy classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Subphylum: Anthozoa

Subclass: Octocorallia

What is this and how could you tell?

Sea Pansy, looks like a mushroom, is an inverted polyp

Anemone classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Subphylum: Anthozoa

Subclass: Hexacorallia

What is this and how could you tell?

anenome, stand alone polyp

Hard Coral classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Subphylum: Anthozoa

Subclass: Hexacorallia

What is this and how could you tell?

Hard coral, rock-like with limestone skeletons, colony of polyps

Hydras classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Class: Hydrozoa

What is this and how could you tell?

Hydra, long and thread-like polyp with buds growing off

Siphonophore classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Class: Hydrozoa

What is this and how could you tell?

siphonophore, looks similar to jellyfish but are colonial hydras, medusa like

Jellyfish classification

Phylum: Cnidaria

Class: Scyphozoa

What is this and how could you tell?

Jellyfish, medusa body plan with gonads in the middle of bell and tentacles coming from underneath

Planaria classification

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Class: Turbellaria

What is this and how could you tell?

Planaria, flat with pharynx in middle of body and two “eye” holes

Fasciola classification

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Class: Trematoda

Common Name: Sheep fluke

What is this and how could you tell?

Fasciola, more wide than long and has 2 pores on front side of body

Clonorchis classification

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Class: Trematoda

Common Name: Human fluke

What is this and how could you tell?

Clonorchis, 1 pore on “head” and gonads in the middle

Schistoma classification

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Class: Trematoda

Common Name: Blood fluke

What is this and how could you tell?

Schistoma, female sits inside of male and they become one organism

Dipylidium classification

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Class: Cestoda

Common Name: Flea tapeworm

What is this and how could you tell?

Dipylidium, rounded proglottids with spots and round scolex

Taenia classification

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Class: Cestoda

Common Name: Beef Tapeworm

What is this and how could you tell?

Taenia, rectangular proglottids with y shaped pores on one side and round scolex

Diphyllobothrium classification

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Class: Cestoda

Common Name: Fish tapeworm

What is this and how could you tell?

Diphyllobothrium, square proglottids with paddle-shaped scolex

What are proglottids?

Interlocking segments in tapeworms that can be sealed off if ripped apart (contains egg pouches)

What is a scolex?

structure in tapeworms that helps anchor to intestine wall

Blood worms classification

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Errantia

Family: Glyceridae

What is this and how could you tell?

Blood worms, bright red with a small number of parapodes and mouth with 4 teeth to bite and crush prey

Sand worms classification

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Errantia

Family: Nereididae

What is this and how could you tell?

Sand worms, stereotypical polychaete worms with many parapodes

Sea mice classification

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Errantia

Family: Aphroditidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Sea Mice, oval shapes with parapodes and “hair” on back

What are parapodes?

similar to feet as it helps grab surfaces and climb

Earthworm classification

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Sedentaria

Family: Lumbricidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Earthworm, segmented with clitellum (reproductive structure)

Leaches classification

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Sedentaria

Family: Hirudinea

What is this and how could you tell?

Leaches, 2 sucker disks on either side on body

Feather duster worms classification

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Sedentaria

Family: Terebellidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Feather duster worm, feathery arms coming out of top of body

Lug worms classification

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Sedentaria

Family: Arenicolidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Lug worm, looks very similar to earthworm but with a swollen anus

Tooth shells classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Scaphopoda

Family: Dentaliidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Tooth shell, conical shell with hole (looks like a tooth)

Slug classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Family: Limacidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Slug, eyes on stocks, no shell, large pneumostome

Land snails classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Family: Camaenidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Land snail, looks like slug with a loopy shell

Limpet classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Family: Fissurellidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Limpet, volcano shaped shell with opening on top

Whelks classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Family: Buccinidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Whelk, shell with crown shape on shell with a whirl (egg casings look like rope)

Tulip snail classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Family: Fasciolariidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Tulip snail, shell with no crown and long point

What is a pneumostone?

A long smooth section with big hole that sucks in O2

Freshwater muscle classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

Family: Unionidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Freshwater muscle, two-part shell with long umbo (opens wide)

Marine muscle classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

Family: Mytilidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Marine muscle, two-part shell with small umbo (opens longwise)

Oyster classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

Family: Ostreidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Oyster, white/grey tear dropped shaped shells with lines coming out, normally colonial

Scallops classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

Family: Pectinidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Scallops, triangular shaped with scalloped ends (kinda like waves)

Razor clams classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

Family: Pharidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Razor clams, really long and most mantle sticks out ends (looks like hotdog)

Chitons classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Polyplacophora

What is this and how could you tell?

Chiton, hard shell with plates with a long foot that has gill fringes

Squid and Cuttlefish classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Cephalopoda

Superorder: Decapodiformes

What is this and how could you tell?

Squid and Cuttlefish, 10 arms with suckers and torpedo shaped mantle

Octopus classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Cephalopoda

Superorder: Octopodiformes

What is this and how could you tell?

Octopus, 8 arms with suckers

Nautilus classification

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Cephalopoda

Family: Nautilidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Nautilus, more than 10 arms and have a shell

Ascarus classification

Phylum: Nematoda

Family: Ascaridae

Common Name: roundworm

What is this and how could you tell?

Ascaris, visible to the naked eye, very smooth body and shed their skin

Dirofilaria classification

Phylum: Nematoda

Family: Ascaridae

Common Name: heartworm

What is this and how could you tell?

Dirofilaria, very smooth worm inside of a heart

Hookworms classification

Phylum: nematoda

Family: Ancylostomatidae

What is this and how could you tell?

Hookworm, microscopic smooth body worms with muscle tissue, fangs in mouth

Tartigrade classification

Phylum: Tartigrada

What is this and how could you tell?

Tartigrade, microscopic “bear-like” body with claws