SBEN 100 Media Literacy

Media

all electronic or digital means and print or artistic visuals used to transmit messages

Literacy

The ability to encode and decode symbols and to synthesize and analyze messages

Media Literacy

s the ability to encode and decode the symbols transmitted via media and synthesize, analyze and produce mediated messages.• The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, create ,and act using all forms of communication

Misinformation

Misinformation is false, inaccurate, or misleading information that is shared without any intention to deceive or cause harm

Disinformation

Disinformation means false or misleading information that is deliberately spread with the intent to deceive, manipulate, or cause harm

Misinformation red flag 1

Lack of sources

Misinformation red flag 2

posts that evoke strong emotions

Misinformation red flag 3

cross-posted content

misinformation red flag 4

memes

three key questions to ask 1

who is behind the information?

three key questions to ask 2

what is the evidence?

three key questions to ask 3

what do other sources say?

six journalistic principles 1

free expressions

six journalistic principles 2

discerning fact from opinion

six journalistic principles 3

the process of gathering and reporting is transparent, news and information are more credible

six journalistic principles 4

the synthesis of multiple sources

six journalistic principles 5

information requires verification to be effective

six journalistic principles 6

information must give voice to citizens and monitor free flow of information

Report

A report is a detailed account, statement, or description of an event, situation, or investigation, presented either in writing or verbally

Editorial

An editorial is an article or broadcast statement that shares the official opinion or stance of a newspaper, magazine, or media organization's leadership or editorial board

objective statement

An objective statement in media literacy is a claim that is based on verifiable facts, free from personal bias, emotions, or subjective opinions

subjective statement

A subjective statement in media literacy is an expression of personal opinion, belief, feeling, or judgment that cannot be proven true or false with objective data.

fake news

news that is completely made up

Things that a reputable news sources does 1

Doesn’t use headlines that play on readers' emotions

things that a reputable news source does 2

Clearly identifies authors of articles with bylines

things that a reputable news sources does 3

Produces its own content, and doesn't merely aggregatecontent from other sources

things that a reputable new source does 4

Conducts reporting not just editorializing and clearly identifies content types

things that a reputable news source does 5

Employs journalists who follow the profession's code of ethics

things that a reputable news source does 6

Provides objective facts without commentary by the author,and is written in such a way that you can check the facts

things a reputable news source does 7

Uses a variety of sources with different perspectives on thistopic

things a reputable news source does 8

Writes articles you could share with all of your friends, notonly those who think a certain way

Filter bubble

a state of intellectual isolation that happens when website algorithms show you only information that matches your current beliefs and past behavior

deepfake

an artificial intelligence (AI) generated or manipulated image, video, or audio recording that makes it look or sound like a real person is saying or doing something they never actually did

signs of deepfake

Teeth might look weird• Blotchy, uneven skin tone• No blinking• Awkward facial expressions• Bad hair day• Voice is off

cheap fake

A cheap fake (or cheapfake) is a piece of media—such as a photo, video, or audio recording—that has been altered or misrepresented using basic, affordable, and accessible tools rather than complex artificial intelligence

the 3 components of a focus statement

actor, action and motivation

focus statement template

[Someone] is [doing something] because…

Primary source 1

first hand accounts

Primary source 2

letters, records and government documents

Secondary source

news articles, books, scholary articles, reports by non-governmental sources

IMVAIN I

Independant and neutral

IMVAIN M

Multiple: multiple sources in the story

IMVAIN V

Verified: evidence that supports the story

IMVAIN AI

Authoritative/ Informed: source has credentials or is close to the story

IMVAIN N

Named: source and affiliations are provided in the story

Characteristics of unreliable sources

-self interested or biased

-only one source

-offers assertion, beliefs or opinions

-uninformed sources might provided falsehoods and are not close to the story

-unnamed sources