UNIT 2.1 SKELETAL SYSTEM

Chondr/o

Cartilage

Cost/o

Rib

Hemat/o

Blood

Lumb/o

Loins/Low back

Myel/o

Bone marrow

Oste/o

Bone

Radi/o

Radiation/X-ray/Radius

Sacr/o

Sacrum

Spondyl/o

Vertebrae

Stern/o

Sternum

Veterbr/o

Vertebrae

-centesis

Surgical puncture

-clasia

To break/Surgical fracture

-clast

To break

-desis

Binding

-poiesis

Formation

-porosis

Porous

-um

Structure

CT

Computed tomography (CAT scan)

Fx

Fracture

ORTHO

Orthopedics

RICE

Rest, ice, compression, elevation

C1, C2,…C7

cervical vertebra 1, cervical vertebra 2,…cervical vertebra 7

T1, T2,…T12

thoracic vertebra 1, thoracic vertebra 2,…thoracic vertebra 12

L1, L2,…L5

lumber vertebra 1, lumber vertebra 2…lumber vertebra 5

Articulation

Joint, where two bones come together

Atlas

Cervical vertebra 1

Axis

Cervical vertebra 2

Crepitation

Grating sound made when bone ends rub together

Degeneration

Deteriorating

Dislocation

Displacement of bone ends at a joint

Hematopoiesis

Production of blood cells

Subluxation

Partial dislocation (it goes back on its own)

Hematopoiesis

Production of blood cells

Structure/Support

A rigid framework that supports the soft tissue and maintains body shape

Muscle Attachment and Movement

A point of attachment to ligaments, tendons, and muscles and converts it to movement.

Mineral Storage

Bones store calcium in matrix

Axial Skeleton

Bones of the head and trunk

Appendicular Skeleton

Bones of the pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and arms and legs

Long bones

Femur, humerus

Short bones

Carpals, tarsals

Flat bones

Scapula, sternum

Irregular bones

Vertebrae, face bones

Sesamoid bones

Patella

How many vertebrae bones?

33

How many cervicals?

7

How many thoracic?

12

How many lumbar?

5

How many sacrol?

5

How many coccyx?

4

How many true ribs?

7

How many false ribs?

5

How many floating ribs?

2

How many carpals?

8

How many metacarpals/metatarsals?

5

How many phalanges?

14

How many tarsals?

7

Closed fracture

Bone is broken inside the skin

Open fracture

Bone is broken pierced through skin

Ball socket joint

Hips, shoulders

Hinge joint

Knee, elbow

Privot joint

Cervical vertebra

Suture joint

Cranium

Gliding joint

Wrist, ankle

Diarthrotic

Freely movable

Amphiarthrotic

Semi-movable

Synarthrotic

Non-movable

Scoliosis

Lateral curve of the spine

Kyphosis

Large thoracic curve

Lordosis

Large lumbar curve

Osteoarthritis

Arthritis caused by the breakdown and loss of cartilage

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Immune system attacks body tissues

Sprain

Stretching or tearing a ligament

Osteoporosis

Bones become weak