lifestyle diseases

heart attack

sudden restriction of oxygen/ blood supply to the heart muscle wall

angina

partial blockage of the coronary artery

atherosclerosis

narrowing of arteries

stroke

blockage in the cerebral artery caused by cutting off the blood supply to the brain

what does COPD stand for

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COPD

an umbrella term for several conditions of the lungs where the airways become inflamed and narrow

asthma

constriction of bronchial airways and an inflammation of mucous membranes

what cause a heart attack

blood clots from larger coronary arteries get stuck in smaller arteries blocking them

what causes angina

inadequate blood supply to heart

what cause atherosclerosis

high levels of cholesterol and fat deposits from ‘fatty plaques’ on the walls

what causes a stroke

high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels

what causes asthma attacks

exercise induced or allergens eg. pollen, animal, hair, cold weather. dust

symptoms of asthma

wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing

symptoms of COPD

persistent coughing, regular chest infections, reduced lung capacity

symptoms of a stroke

face droops, arms une, speech slured

symptoms of atherosclerosis

high blood pressure

symptoms of angina

chest pain that spreads to arms

symptom of a heart attack

chest pain, dizzy, light headed

what are dependent risk factors

hereditary, stress, exercise, age, gender

what are independent factors

smoking, alchol, diet

smoking

increases the risk of CVD by 20 times

alchol guidelines

14 units per week and a minimum of 2 alcohol free days a week

diet

low fat, low salt, low sugar

adults exercise guidelines

3-5 times a week, moderate intensity, 30 mins, cardio and strength

children’s exercise guidelines

every day, any intensity, 60 mins overall, any exercise

what does regular exercise cause

cardiac hypertrophy, decreases blood fibrinogen, decrease blood lipids, lower blood pressure

arteriosclerosis

loss of elasticity of the aerteries and thickening and hardening of artery walls