Potter and Perry's Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing - Chapter 43: Nutrition

Vocabulary flashcards covering core nutritional concepts, digestive physiology, assessment methods, enteral and parenteral nutrition, and blood glucose monitoring from Chapter 43 of Potter and Perry's Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing.

Food (Nutritional Function)

Supplies energy to accomplish everyday activities, build and repair tissues, regulate organs and systems, prevent the contraction of certain diseases, and aid in recovery from other diseases.

Water

An essential nutrient that provides the fluid environment required by cells, aids in body temperature regulation, and acts as a solvent.

Vitamins

Nutrients essential to metabolism that function as antioxidants and are classified as fat-soluble or water-soluble.

Minerals

Nutrients that act as catalysts for biochemical reactions and are classified as macrominerals or microminerals.

Low Glycemic Index Foods

Foods that should be encouraged because they have long-term benefits.

Digestion

The physiological process that begins in the mouth and ends in the small and large intestines.

Absorption

The uptake of nutrients whose primary anatomical site is the small intestine.

Elimination

The process whereby chyme is moved by peristalsis into the large intestines and turned into feces.

Metabolism and Storage of Nutrients

The biochemical processing of nutrients composed of anabolic and catabolic reactions.

Anthropometry

The measurement of the human body used in nutritional assessment, which includes body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC).

Restorative Care

Care that includes immediate postsurgical care and routine medical care pertinent to hospitalized and home care patients.

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG)

The cornerstone of diabetes management that supplies immediate information about blood glucose levels to adjust food intake, activity patterns, and medication dosages.

Blood Glucose Meter

A monitoring device used in diabetes management to supply immediate blood glucose measurements (e.g., in $5.3\,\text{mmol/L}$).

Enteral Nutrition

Specialized nutrition support where nutrients are given via the gastrointestinal tract using feeding tubes, such as nasogastric, jejunal, or gastric tubes.

Parenteral Nutrition

A form of specialized nutrition support in which nutrients are provided intravenously to patients who are unable to digest or absorb enteral nutrition.