Introduction to Medical Technology and Principles of Medical Laboratory Science

A comprehensive collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key definitions, roles, clinical laboratory history, notable pioneers, and landmark scientific innovations in Medical Technology.

Medical Technology

An auxiliary branch of laboratory medicine which deals with the examination of tissues, secretion and excretion of the human body and body fluids by various electronic, chemical, microscopic and other medical laboratory procedures or techniques either manual or automated which will aid the physician in the diagnosis, study, and treatment of diseases and in the promotion of health in general (RA 5527).

Medical Technologist

Key health personnel regarded as "clinical eyes" who provide a variety of laboratory services that aid physicians in diagnosing, treating, and preventing the onset of diseases and infections.

Clinical Laboratory

A facility where tests are done on clinical specimens in order to obtain information about the health of a patient as pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

Eber's Papyrus

An ancient document dating back to 1500 B.C. in which parasites such as Taenia and Ascaris are mentioned.

Hippocrates

The founder of scientific medicine (460 B.C.) who correlated the relationship between anatomical and chemical laboratory findings and disease causes, adopted the triad of regimen, and conceptualized the juices of the body.

Uroscopy

The visual examination of urine (historically termed "water casting"), which marked the beginning of laboratory medicine.

Isaac Judaeus

A medieval figure known for writing the Book of Urine.

Rudolf Virchow

The Father of microscopic pathology during the 18th century who was the first to emphasize that disease and infection manifestations are visible at the cellular level under a microscope.

William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine

The first clinical laboratory in the United States, established at the University of Pennsylvania in 1895.

Dr. William Osler

Physician who opened the 1st Clinical Laboratory in 1896 and introduced the use of the microscope and blood counting machine.

John Kolmer

Author who published "The Demand for and Training of Laboratory Technicians" in 1918, which contained the first formal training course in Medical Technology.

American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP)

An organization established in 1922 to encourage cooperation between physicians and clinical pathologists, maintain status, and establish a code of ethics for technicians and technologists.

Laboratorio Municipal de Manila

A laboratory established in 1887 under Spanish colonization for the laboratory examination of food, water, and clinical samples.

First Reserve Hospital

Hospital established in 1898 by Lt. Col. Henry Lipincott, where Richard P. Strong utilized the laboratory to perform autopsies and examine blood, feces, and urine.

Bureau of Government Laboratories

An institution established in 1901 in the Philippines featuring a science library, chemical section, and serum lab for vaccine production.

Bureau of Science

Established in 1905 (formerly Bureau of Government Laboratories) as an active center for scientific research and instruction in the Philippines.

6th Infantry Division of the US Army

Military unit that established the first clinical laboratory in the Philippines at Quiricada St., Sta. Cruz Manila, and provided 1-year laboratory technician training in 1944.

Dr. Pio de Roda and Dr. Prudencia Sta. Ana

Medical professionals who conducted a training program for aspiring laboratory workers in October 1945.

Dr. Willa Hedrick

Leader who led the first opened School of Medical Technology in the Philippines in 1954 at Manila Sanitarium and Hospital.

Dr. Jesse Umali

The first graduate of the Medical Technology program in the Philippines in 1956.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

The Father of Microbiology (1660) known for his work on improving the microscope.

Edward Jenner

Pioneer in immunology who discovered vaccination in 1796 to establish immunity to smallpox.

Marie Francois Xavier Bichat

Pioneer in histology who identified organs by their types of tissues in 1880.

Agostino Bassi

Scientist who marked the beginning of bacteriology in 1835 by producing disease in worms through the injection of organic material.

Louis Pasteur

Scientist who successfully produced immunity to rabies in 1857.

Gregor Mendel

Scientist who enunciated the law of inherited characteristics from plant studies in 1866.

Joseph Lister

Surgeon who demonstrated in 1870 that surgical infections are caused by airborne organisms.

Elie Metchnikoff

Scientist who described phagocytosis in 1886.

Karl Landsteiner

Scientist who distinguished blood groups in 1902 through the development of the ABO blood group system.

Hans Fischer

Chemist who worked out the structure of hemoglobin in 1929.

Jonas Salk

Medical researcher who developed the polio vaccine in 1954.

Kary Mullis

Biochemist who developed the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in 1985.