History Test Topic 1 Lesson 1,2, and 4

What was one way Louis XIV increased his power as an absolute monarch?

Which of the following was one of the ways Louis XIV increased his power as an absolute monarch?

How did Henry IV help reunite France after the Wars of Religion?

How did Henry IV help reunite France after the Wars of Religion?

Who was the monarch, known as the "Sun King" that is often quoted as saying, 'L'état, c'est moi' (I am the state)?

Louis XIV

Absolute monarchy is characterized by what feature?

Centralized control under one ruler

Which palace is famously associated with Louis XIV as a symbol of royal power?

Versailles

The Huguenots were a religious group in France that primarily followed which faith?

Protestantism

Philip II became the king of which country in 1556?

Spain

What nation defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588?

England

Charles V ruled over an empire so vast it was said the sun never set on it. Which territories did he rule?

Spain and the Holy Roman Empire

Which French leader was responsible for the revocation (removal) of the Edict of Nantes in 1685?

Louis XIV

What was the political system in France during Louis XIV's reign?

Absolute monarchy

The principle of 'divine right' was used to justify the power of which type of government

Monarchy

Which treaty ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648 and marked the beginning of the modern European state system?

Peace of Westphalia

Who was the ruler known for modernizing and westernizing Russia from 1682 to 1725?

Peter the Great

Which city was established by Peter the Great as Russia’s “window to the West”?

St. Petersburg

Who was the Holy Roman Empress and Archduchess of Austria known for her role in the War of the Austrian Succession?

Maria Theresa

Which war was fought between 1740 and 1748, involving most of the great powers of Europe over who would take over the Austrian throne after the death of Charles VI?

War of the Austrian Succession

Who was the Prussian king known for his military victories and for patronizing (supporting) the arts during the 18th century?

Fredrick II (Fredrick the Great)

Which term describes the land owning nobility of Russia during the reign of the Tsars?

Boyars

Who was the Prussian ruler known for reforming the state and strengthening its militaristic reputation in the early 18th century?

Fredrick William I

What significant impact did the Thirty Years' War have on the German states?

Depopulation

Which Russian empress expanded the empire and continued its westernization in the late 18th century?

Catherine the Great

What was Maria Theresa’s main achievement during her reign concerning her country’s administration?

Instituted financial and educational reforms

How did Catherine the Great contribute to Russia’s enlightenment and westernization efforts?

Promoted education and arts

What distinguished mercenaries from regular soldiers during the Thirty Years' War?

What distinguished mercenaries from regular soldiers during the Thirty Years' War?

How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment?

It encouraged people to use reason to solve problems.

With which statement would Enlightenment thinker John Locke have agreed?

People have the right to overthrow a government that violates their rights.

In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith argued that

the free market should regulate business activity.

Which of these statements is most likely to be made by a proponent (supporter) of natural law and natural rights?

Government does not grant rights; it protects them.

Who famously argued for the social contract theory?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

According to John Locke, what are the natural rights every individual has?

Life, liberty, and property

What did Thomas Hobbes believe was the best form of government?

Absolute monarchy

Which philosophe is known for their advocacy(support) of freedom of speech?

Voltaire

What is laissez-faire economics?

An economic system with minimal or no government interference

What role did salons play in the Enlightenment?

Gathering places for intellectual discussion and debate

Who was Joseph II and why is he considered an enlightened despot?

The Holy Roman Emperor and ruler of Austria known for implementing progressive reforms

What does censorship entail during the Enlightenment period?

Restricting access to information and ideas to control knowledge and beliefs

How did Jean-Jacques Rousseau view human nature?

People are inherently good but corrupted by society

Which document reflects Montesquieu's idea of separation of powers?

The United States Constitution