WW1

Allied Powers (WWI)

Great Britain, France, and Russia, later joined by the United States.

Central Powers (WWI)

Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

Four MAIN causes of WWI

Militarism (arms build-up)

Alliances (protective agreements)

Imperialism (competition for colonies/land)

Nationalism (extreme pride in one's nation).

Schenck v. United States

A 1919 Supreme Court decision ruling that freedom of speech could be restricted if it presented a clear and serious danger, upholding a conviction for distributing anti-draft flyers.

The Black Hand

The Serbian nationalist secret society linked to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Reparations

Financial payments Germany was required to pay after WWI to cover war damages.

War Industries Board

A US government agency created during WWI to direct industrial production and allocate supplies for the military effort.

Great Migration

The movement of millions of African Americans from the rural South to Northern and Western cities for industrial jobs and to escape racial discrimination.

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

The German naval practice of sinking merchant and passenger ships without warning, which contributed to the US entering WWI.

Zimmermann Telegram

A secret message intercepted by Britain in which Germany offered to help Mexico recover Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona if Mexico joined WWI against the US.

Spark that started WWI

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary on June 28, 1914.

Selective Service Act of 1917

US legislation that authorized a national military draft to rapidly raise troops for WWI.

Armistice of November 11, 1918

The agreement that ended active fighting in WWI at 11:00 a.m. on the 11th day of the 11th month.

Fourteen Points

President Woodrow Wilson's peace plan proposing open diplomacy, free seas, reduced armaments, self-determination, and the League of Nations.

Committee on Public Information

A US government propaganda agency that produced speeches, pamphlets, and posters to generate public enthusiasm for the war effort.

Palmer Raids

Government operations during the 1919–1920 First Red Scare that arrested and deported suspected radicals, anarchists, and immigrants.

US Senate objection to the Treaty of Versailles

Concerns that joining the League of Nations would draw the US into foreign conflicts without Congressional consent.