Learning Notes 6-7

Commercial empires in Asia

Networks of trade and control established by European nations to exploit resources and influence trade in Asia during the early modern period.

Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health

A church located in southeastern India that represents European influence in Asia.

Silk Road

An ancient trade route that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas.

Spices

Highly sought-after commodities such as cinnamon, cloves, and pepper that drove European exploration and trade in Asia.

Vasco da Gama

Portuguese explorer who first successfully sailed directly from Europe to India around the Cape of Good Hope.

Trading post empires

Empires established by European powers aimed at controlling trade routes and commerce rather than acquiring territory.

Ottoman Empire

A major Islamic empire that expanded into Southeastern Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa, impacting European trade routes.

East India Company

A trading company established by the British and Dutch to control trade in East Asia, particularly in spices.

Nativism

The belief in establishing a national identity based on being born in a particular location rather than one's heritage.

Haitian Revolution

The successful slave revolt that led to Haiti's independence from France, marking the first successful revolution by enslaved people.

Abolitionism

The movement to end slavery and the slave trade, driven by moral and economic arguments in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Silver trade

The global exchange of silver that took place in the 16th and 17th centuries, crucial for shaping economies and trade routes.

Enlightenment

An intellectual movement emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority, influencing revolutions.

Popular sovereignty

The principle that a government's authority is derived from the consent of the governed, challenging traditional monarchy.

Representational republic

A form of government in which citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

Natural rights

The rights inherent to all human beings, often associated with life, liberty, and property, emphasized during the Enlightenment.

Women's suffrage

The movement for women's right to vote, gaining momentum in the 19th century linked to broader social reforms.

Maroon societies

Communities formed by escaped slaves in isolated areas, often resisting colonial authorities.

Karl Marx

Philosopher and economist whose ideas about class struggle and revolution influenced later social movements.

Mercantilism

An economic theory advocating for government regulation of a nation's economy to augment state power, particularly through trade.

Creoles

Colonial-born descendants of European settlers who sought greater autonomy and less authority from their European parent nations.

Civic nationalism

A form of nationalism defined by shared citizenship and values rather than common ethnicity.

Ethnic nationalism

A form of nationalism based on common heritage, culture, language, and often religion.

Napoleon Bonaparte

French military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and established a vast empire in Europe.

The Terror

A period during the French Revolution characterized by mass executions and political purges led by the Committee of Public Safety.