Diabetes

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Last updated 4:32 AM on 10/13/26
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13 Terms

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MODY (Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young)

Autosomal dominant, single gene mutation. Onset <25 tahun.

Pure genetic bukan autoimun (DmT1)

Beta cell antibody - ; C peptide normal ; Metabolic syndrome -

ada beberapa type (most commonly in HNF1A, GCK, or HNF4A)

~95% diturunkan dari ortu

Tx/ SU


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DM type 1

onset 5-20 tahun
Autoimune , riwayat keluarga <10%

Beta cell antibody + ; C peptide - ; Metabolic syndrome -

Tx/ Insulin

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Kriteria Dx DmT2

knowt flashcard image
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GDPT (Gdp Terganggu)

GDP 100-125 mg/dL (predm)

GD 2-jam pasca TTGO < 140 mg/dL (normal)

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TGT (Toleransi Glukosa Terganggu)

GD 2-jam pasca TTGO 140-199 mg/dL (preDm)

GDP < 100 mg/dL (normal)

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Pre-DM

HbA1c 5,7-6,4%
Gdp 100-125
Gd2pp TTGO 140-199

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PF pasien DM

• Funduskopi
• Elektrokardiografi
• Refleks fisiologis
• Pulsasi arteri dorsalis pedis, tibialis posterior

• Tes Monofilamen 10 g
• Uji getar dengan garputala 128 Hz

• Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

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Cek Lab pasien DM

Elektrolit
• Ureum/kreatinin
• Profil lipid
• Urinalisis
• Urinary albumin to creatine ratio atau mikroalbuminuria sewaktu

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Nutrisi pasien DM, hitung kebutuhan Kalori

- BB ideal: (TB – 100) x 90%
(tidak x90% pada ♂ <160cm dan ♀ <150cm)

- Kalori dasar harian = : BBideal (♂ x30kkal) atau (♀ x25kkal)

- Modifiers :

• Usia • >40 th: - 5%
50 - 69 th: - 10%
>70 tahun: - 20%

• Jenis Aktivitas : Rest/R/S/B/SB +10/20/30/40/50%

• Stress metabolik: +10-30%

• Berat Badan
Gemuk: -20%-30%
Kurus: +20-30%

Kebutuhan Kalori harian = Kalori dasar x Modifiers

Jumlah kalori harian minimal :
♀ 1000-1200 kkal
♂1200-1600 kkal/hari

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Komposisi Gizi makronutrients

Carbs/Fat/Protein = 50/25/20%
45-65/20-25/10-20%
Serat 20-35gram/hari
Na <1500g/hari


Protein :
Pasien dengan nefropati DM: 0,8 g/kgBB/hari (kurang lebih 10%)
Pasien HD: 1-1,2 g/kgBB/hari
65% protein yang diberikan bernilai biologik tinggi

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