Acids, alkalis and pH
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23 Terms
What ions do acids produce in aqueous solution?
Hydrogen ions, H⁺.
What ions do alkalis produce in aqueous solution?
Hydroxide ions, OH⁻.
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7.
What pH values are acidic?
Values below 7.
What pH values are alkaline?
Values above 7.
What happens to pH as hydrogen ion concentration increases?
pH decreases.
What happens to pH as hydroxide ion concentration increases?
pH increases.
What happens to pH when H⁺ concentration increases by 10 times?
pH decreases by 1.
What colour does blue litmus turn in acid?
Red.
What colour does red litmus turn in alkali?
Blue.
What colour is methyl orange in acid?
Red.
What colour is methyl orange in alkali?
Yellow.
What colour is phenolphthalein in acid?
Colourless.
What colour is phenolphthalein in alkali?
Pink.
What does dilute mean?
A small amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solution.
What does concentrated mean?
A large amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solution.
What is a strong acid?
An acid that completely dissociates into ions in solution.
What is a weak acid?
An acid that only partially dissociates into ions in solution.
What is a base?
A substance that reacts with an acid to form salt and water only.
What is an alkali?
A soluble base.
What is neutralisation?
A reaction between an acid and a base.
What happens during acid-alkali neutralisation?
H⁺ ions react with OH⁻ ions to form water.
What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?
H⁺ + OH⁻ → H₂O.