Pain Management

This set of flashcards covers important concepts and terms related to pain management during labor and delivery.

Visceral pain

Pain from cervical changes, distention of lower uterine segment, and uterine ischemia during the first stage of labor.

Referred pain

Pain that originates in the uterus and radiates to other areas such as the abdominal wall and back.

Somatic pain

Pain described as intense, sharp, burning, and localized, often experienced during the second stage of labor.

Gate-control theory of pain

A theory stating that pain perception can be modified by psychological factors and the presence of other stimuli.

Nonpharmacologic pain management

Methods of pain control that do not involve medications, such as relaxation, imagery, or breathing techniques.

Pharmacologic pain management

Methods of pain control that involve the use of medications such as analgesics and anesthetics.

Epidural anesthesia

A regional anesthesia that provides maximum pain relief during labor, but has potential disadvantages like hypotension and urinary retention.

Contraindications to epidural blocks

Conditions that prevent the use of epidural anesthesia, such as hemorrhage, hypotension, or infection at the injection site.

Nitrous oxide

A self-administered analgesic gaining popularity in the United States for pain management during labor.

Alternative therapies

Non-medical practices such as acupressure, hydrotherapy, and hypnosis used in conjunction with pain management.