HD 1130 chapter 11

When does puberty begin and end for boys

10/13-13/17

When does menarche normally occur for girls

9-15

When does puberty start for girls

8 or 9

What is the corpus collosum

where fibers connect the brain’s left and right hemispheres (thickens in adolescence)

What is the limbic system

part of the brain where emotions and rewards are processed (developed in early adolescence)

Amygdala

limbic system structure especially evolved in emotion

prefrontal cortex

highest level of frontal lobe involved in decision making (does not finish maturation until adulthood)

Sleep

only 25% of adolescents get <8 hours, low sleep can cause inattention, anxiety, peer problems

Leading causes of death in adolescence

unintentional injuries, suicide, homicide, majority of accidents involve a motor vehicle

How has drug used changed

overall drug use has declined (still higher rate than any other nation), marijuana is the most used drug

Alcohol use change over time

sizable decline in adolescent alcohol use (72%→30%), males binge drink more than females, 30% of high school seniors have been in car with intoxicated driver

Anorexia nervosa

pursuit of thinness through starvation, 10x more likely in females

Bulimia nervosa

individual follows binge and purge pattern

piaget’s theory- formal operation stage

Age 11, formal operation thought is more abstract than concrete (increased verbal problem solving, logical thought)

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning

cognitive ability to develop hypotheses, or best guesses about ways to solve problems

adolescent egocentrism

heightened self-consciousness of adolescents

imaginary audience

belief that others are as interested in them as they are (desire to be noticed)

personal fable

belief telling adolescents that they are special/unique, and the life problems of others will not affects them (invincible)

Cool executive function

psychological processes involving conscious control driven by logical thinking

hot executive function

psychological processes driven by emotion

cognitive control

exercising effective control of thinking in a number of areas