Theory III Midterm

All of the following are part of the four cores motivational interviewing communication skills except one. Which one is the exception?

Open ended questions

Observing

Affirmations

Summarizing

Observing

Oral and craniofacial cancers tend to be diagnosed at the ______ phase below when prognosis is____.

early; better

late; better

early; poor

late; poor

late; poor

According to the dental hygiene process of care, all of the following are reasons why a client may fail to achieve a desired outcome of care EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

Goals fail to address the client's unmet human need

Care plan has not been updated

Intervention strategies do not address the care plan goals

Goals are realistic and achievable by the client

Goals are realistic and achievable by the client

After assessment the dental hygienist notes that the client who is a quadriplegic has generalized 4 to 5 mm clinical attachment loss, generalized moderate bleeding on probling, and heavy plaque accumulation. What human needs deficit does this client most likely have?

Freedom from fear & stress

Freedom from pain

Biologically sound and functional dentition

Skin and mucosa membrane integrity of the head and neck

Skin and mucosa membrane integrity of the head and neck

When making a dental hygiene care plan there are two conceptual models for setting goals and selecting interventions. Which of the following are the two models:

Process of Care and Dental hygiene diagnosis

Human Needs Model and Process of Care

Human Needs Model and Oral Health Related Quality of Life Model

Process of Care and Oral Health Related Quality of Life Model

Human Needs Model and Oral Health Related Quality of Life Model

All of the following describe what a dental hygiene diagnosis does within the process of care EXCEPT which one?

Facilitates care planning & evaluation

Clarifies the scope of dental hygiene practice

Provides a focus for professional care

Clarifies what the client must do to promote and maintain oral health and wellness

Clarifies what the client must do to promote and maintain oral health and wellness

The foundation for the development of a client-centered dental hygiene care plan is the:

Client centered goal

Client desired outcome

Dental hygiene diagnosis

dental hygiene intervention

Dental hygiene diagnosis

In the development of a dental hygiene care plan, the strategies selected to reduce, eliminate, or prevent an oral health problem are:

Dental interventions

Oral health goals

dental hyigene interventions

expected outcomes

dental hyigene interventions

A subject, verb, observable behavior and outcome and time dimension are all an important part of writing what in the dental hygiene diagnosis?

Process of Care

Standards of Dental Hygiene

ASA Classification

Patient Goals for treatment

Patient Goals for treatment

Intervention strategies in a dental hygiene care plan specifically address which of the following?

Cause of the problem

The appointment time available

The goal of the dental hygienist

Signs and Symptoms of the problem

Cause of the problem

Development of a dental hygiene care plan occurs as a collaboration or partnership between which of the following:

Dental hygienist & client

Dental hygienist develops care plan independently

Dental hygienist and dentist

dentist and client

Dental hygienist & client

Which is a widely accepted worldview of a discipline that shapes the direction and methods of its practitioners, educators, administrators and researchers?

Universal Principle

Paradigm

Continuum

Justification

Paradigm

The dental hygiene care plan addresses which components of the comprehensive dental plan?

Phase I - etiotropic therapy and phase II surgical

Preliminary phase - emergency care, and phase IV maintenance therapy

Phase II surgical, and phase III - restorative therapy

Phase I - Etiotropic therapy, and phase IV - maintenance therapy

Phase I - Etiotropic therapy, and phase IV - maintenance therapy

Dental hygienist are cautioned not to make a dental diagnosis but rather to identify client's problems or conditions for the dentist, who will then make a dental diagnosis. Which of the following statements on the client record demonstrates that the dental hygienist is making a dental diagnosis rather than communicating a problem a problem in a dental diagnosis?

Mr. Smith has 5mm of attachment loss in the periodontal areas on teeth #2,3,14,15,17-18, 30-32.

Mr. Smith has signs of periodontal disease around tooth #12

Mr. Smith has severe necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis

There is a radiolucent area on Mr.Smith's radiograph around tooth # 5.

Mr. Smith has severe necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis

Which provides a framework for delivering high quality care to all types of clients in any environment?

The Dental Hygiene Process of Care

The Dental Hygiene Workforce Model

The Dental Hygiene National Board

The American Hygienist Association

The Dental Hygiene Process of Care

The professional model of dental hygiene emphasizes that the dental hygienist:

implements preventative treatment plans developed by the dentist

implements self-generated preventative oral care regimens

views the dental hygienist as a secondary care provider

is technology based

implements self-generated preventative oral care regimens

Providing the patient with the information needed to decide about treatment, discussion of a proposed care plan and risks of not having treatment is known as what?

Informed Consent

Informed Refusal

Human needs model

Dental Diagnosis

Informed Consent

The nature of the condition, proposed care plan, risks involved (if any), potential for failure, prognosis with no treatment and alternative options are all part of what for a patient?

Process of care

Re-care appointments

Care Plan (Tx plan) Presentation

Maintenance recall

Care Plan (Tx plan) Presentation

How many key behaviors are found in the process of care?

Two

Four

Six

Eight

Six

This phase of therapy is used to address the emergency needs, lab tests and pain.

Preliminary Phase

Phase I

Phase II

Phase IV

Preliminary Phase

Which of the following conditions might lead the dental hygienist to conclude that an individuals' human need for skin and mucous membrane integrity of the head and neck may be deficit?

Fear and anxiety about dental hygiene care

A diet of high in sugar and fermentable carbohydrates

Signs of gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding upon probing

Dissatisfaction with appearance of teeth

Signs of gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding upon probing

If Sophia makes time for oral health, seeks oral healthcare, and talks about the importance of healthy gums, one could say that her human need for which of the following is met?

Biologically sound and functioning dentition

Conceptualization and understanding

Skin and Mucous Integrity of the head and neck

Wholesome facial image

Conceptualization and understanding

The dental hygiene diagnosis is made after which phase of the process of care?

Implementation

Planning

Assessment

Evaluation

Assessment

Which of the following professional roles of a dental hygienist own their own business?

Independent practitioner

Collaborative practice practitioner

Interprofessional practitioner

Mid-Level Oral Health Practitioner

Independent practitioner

All of the following describe accreditation EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

Serves as a mechanism to protect the public

A formal agency developing the dental and dental hygiene practice acts

Requires descriptions of all tasks that a beginning dental hygiene practitioner must consistently perform accurately and efficiently.

A formal, voluntary, nongovernmental process that establishes a minimum set of standards to ensure quality in educational institutions.

A formal agency developing the dental and dental hygiene practice acts

The dental hygiene diagnosis is the basis for the dental hygiene care plan.

False

True

True

The best intervention strategy to ensure that a client is skilled to perform a recommended oral self care technique is to:

Wait until the next continued care appointment and reevaluate the client oral health status

ask the client to describe the technique

have the clinician demonstrate the technique on a model

have the client demonstrate the technique intraorally

have the client demonstrate the technique intraorally

What phase of treatment is periodontal maintenance a part of?

Preliminary

Phase I

Phase III

Phase IV

Phase IV

Which of the following describes motivational interviewing?

Restates or summarizes what the client said

Facilitates client to refrain from desired behavior

Facilitates resolutions of client issues

Validates, confirms or states the patients interests or efforts

Facilitates resolutions of client issues

If a gingival disease such as localized Stage IV juvenile periodontitis is suspected, the most important dental hygiene action would be the following?

Oral health instruction

Scaling and Root Planing

Referral to dentist for dental diagnosis

Polishing

Referral to dentist for dental diagnosis

A 6 year old male presents with the eruption of the 1st permanent molars in all four quadrants, the occlusal surfaces contain deep pits and fissures. You recommend sealants on the treatment plan. Can you have the patient sign the consent form?

Yes

No

No

The five roles of the dental hygienist are which of the following?

periodontal clinician, pedantic clinician, researcher, change agent, advocate

clinician, administrator, manager, educator, researcher, change agent

clinician, theory builder, educator, researcher, change agent

clinician, administrator or manager, researcher, advocate, educator

clinician, administrator or manager, researcher, advocate, educator

In what way does a dental hygiene diagnosis differ from a dental diagnosis?

Involves the identification of disease (medical and dental)

Inclusion of social determinants of health (biopsychosocial data)

Requires Evidence based analysis and interpretation of assessment data

There is no difference between the two diagnosis.

Inclusion of social determinants of health (biopsychosocial data)

Accreditation is best described by which of the following?

An examination to determine qualifications of a dental hygiene licensure applicants

Formal, voluntary nongovernmental process which establishes a minimum set of standards that promote and ensure quality across educational institutions

Laws established in each applicable jurisdiction

A certificate to practice dental hygiene by meeting established minimum standards

Formal, voluntary nongovernmental process which establishes a minimum set of standards that promote and ensure quality across educational institutions

Each of the following is a reason why the effectiveness of nonsurgical periodontal debridement can be compromised except one. Which is the exception?

Probing depths greater than 5mm

Proper instrument selection

Dull Instruments

Inadequate pain control

Proper instrument selection

Oral Health care aids for patients with disabilities should fit:

Patient needs

Skill level

Cognitive application

All of the above

All of the above

If a 3 year old child has objective signs of early childhood caries and a history of still using a bottle with milk at night to sleep, what human need deficit does this client most likely have?

Biologically sound and functional dentition

Freedom from pain

Skin and mucous membrane integrity of the head & neck

Freedom from fear and stress

Biologically sound and functional dentition

A risk management strategy for healthcare providers is to maintain detailed documentation of services rendered to clients. Documentation should include evidence of all phases of the process of care.

Both statements are false

The first statement is false, the second statement is true

The first statement is true, the second statement is false

Both statements are true

Both statements are true

The collaborative practice model emphasizes the distinct roles of the dental hygienist and the:

Patient

Dental hygiene Program

Dentist

Insurance Company

Dentist

What phase therapy is nonsurgical therapy considered?

Preliminary

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

Phase I

You go over the proposed treatment plan for the patient, the patient refuses the recommended treatment. You listen to the patient and evaluate and document the reasons for declining the proposed treatment plan. The dental hygienist should have the patient, dentist and witness sign what?

The ADHA standards

Informed refusal form

Informed consent

AAP Standards

Informed refusal form

According to the dental hygiene process of care, when evaluation reveals that the client has made a little progress toward goal attainment, the dental hygienist does all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

Modify the care plan

Modify dental hygiene diagnosis

Terminate care

Re-assess the client

Terminate care

The Human Needs Model Conceptual Model of Dental Hygiene requires the dental hygienist to do which of the following?

Make dental hygiene diagnosis based on eight human needs

Work in a public health setting

Engage in basic research

Refrain from collaboration

Make dental hygiene diagnosis based on eight human needs

The term client is frequently preferred in healthcare settings for which of the following reasons?

It is limited to an individual

It focuses on the control of the clinician

it connotes wellness as well as illness and suggests and active participant in healthcare

it suggests a sick, dependent person who is in need of therapy

it connotes wellness as well as illness and suggests and active participant in healthcare

When is the dental hygiene care plan written?

At the 6 month continued care appointment

Immediately after the assessment and diagnosis phrases of the process of care

During the implementation of phase I therapy

After phase I therapy

Immediately after the assessment and diagnosis phrases of the process of care

Lack of dental knowledge, inadequate homecare, improper OHI technique are all what?

Barriers to personal health and wellness

Phases of therapy

Motivational Interviewing concepts

Dental hygiene paradigms

Barriers to personal health and wellness

The client has an interest in controlling his tobacco addition

Case Study:

The client reports that he sometimes wears a nicotine patch. What might this suggest to the astute dental hygienist?

The client is in a formal smoking cessation program

The client has a strong addiction to cigarettes and needs aditional nicotine

The client must be under a great deal of emotional stress

The client has an interest in controlling his tobacco addition

Cardiovascular Disease

Case Study:

The client's assessed blood pressure was 140/90 mm Hg. Given the client's race, weight, smoking behavior, and periodontal health status, what systemic disease is the client most at risk for?

Respiratory Disease

Renal Disease

Diabetes mellitus

Cardiovascular Disease

Freedom from fear and stress

Case Study:

When the diagnoses for this client are completed, which unmet human need should be addressed first?

Freedom from fear and stress

Freedom from pain

Skin and mucous membrane integrity of the head and neck

Biologically sound and functional dentition

Conceptualization & problem solving

Case Study:

The client's apparent lack of knowledge about how smoking affects periodontal health and systemic health status would fall under which unmet human need?

Freedom from pain

Conceptualization & problem solving

Freedom from fear & stress

Responsibilty for oral health