programming exam 1

Truncation

When part of a value is discarded and permanently lost

Ex a float value in an int variable

Literal constant

Integer literal: 10

Character literal: ‘A’

String literal: “Larry is silly!”

Floating-point literal: 2.0 or 3.14f

Defined constant

#define keyword

Acts as a compiler instruction

Does not have a data type and does not occupy computer memory

Always in ALL CAPS

Ex #define MAX_STUDENTS 30

Memory constant

Read only variable stored in the computer’s physical memory

Declared using “const” and must be initialized with a value

CamelCase

Ex gasVolume or mixRatio

Syntax error

Violations of the grammatical and structural rules of the programming system

Won’t compile

Logical error

Flaws in the design or math of your algorithm

Produces wrong or unexpected results

Runtime errors

Occur while the program is actively executing, causing it to crash, stop running, or trigger a “core dump”

Frequently caused by memory violations or impossible mathematical optimizations

Source code

ASCII text file that is translated by a compiler into an executable program

Preprocessor directives

#define

#include

Inline comment

Multiline/block comment

// Author: …

/* string */

Precision

%5.2lf has a minimum width of 5

1 byte ram

16 bits

Data type

Determines the size of memory allocated to a variable and the operations that can be performed on it

Format specifiers

%s, %d, %f, or %c

Global variable

Declared outside of a function