Neuromuscular I: MUST KNOW ACUTE CARE VALUES

HR normal range

60-100BPM

Normal BP

120/80

Normal RR

15-20 breaths/min

Normal adult intracranial pressure

<15 mmHg (needs to stay below 20 for safety)

Normal child intracranial pressure

0-5 mmHg

range for moderately elevated intracranial pressure

21-40mmHg

Severely elevated intracranial pressure

>41 mmHg

* indicates need for craniotomy

a intracranial pressure over ___ is fatal

60

Normal cerebral perfusion pressure

70-100 mmHg

* 70 is the minimum; lower raises risk of ischemia

normal range for oxygen perfusion to cerebral tissues

25-50 mmHg

Brain TIssue Oxygenation (PbtO2) below ___ mmHg indicates ischemia, and below ___ mmHg indicates brain cell death

below 15: ischemia:

Below 5: brain cell death

intracranial pressure, vs cerebral perfusion pressure vs oxygen perfusion to cerebral tissue

- ICP: How much pressure is inside the skull?

- CPP: How much pressure is available to push blood through the brain?

- Oxygen perfusion to cerebral tissue (PbtO₂): How much oxygen is available in the brain tissue?