Maladaptive Behavior: Eating Disorders, Abuse, Neglect, Violence, and Personality Disorders

Vocabulary flashcards covering core definitions and concepts across eating disorders, personality disorders, abuse, neglect, and violence.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low body weight, an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, and a disturbance in the way body weight or shape is experienced.

Restricting Type Anorexia Nervosa

A subtype of anorexia nervosa in which weight loss is accomplished primarily through dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise, without recurrent episodes of binge eating or purging in the last 3 months.

Binge Eating/Purging Type Anorexia Nervosa

A subtype of anorexia nervosa in which the individual has engaged in recurrent episodes of binge eating or purging behavior (such as self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas) during the last 3 months.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating accompanied by a sense of lack of control, followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors (such as self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse, fasting, or excessive exercise) occurring at least once a week for 3 months.

Personality

A relatively stable pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving that evolves over an individual's lifetime and is influenced by experiences, environment, and inherited characteristics.

Personality Traits

Individual characteristics that combine to make up a person's overall personality.

Cluster A Personality Disorders

A diagnostic cluster of personality disorders characterized by odd, eccentric behavior and social awkwardness, including Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal personality disorders.

Cluster B Personality Disorders

A diagnostic cluster of personality disorders characterized by dramatic, overly emotional, or unpredictable behavior, including Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic personality disorders.

Cluster C Personality Disorders

A diagnostic cluster of personality disorders characterized by anxious or fearful behavior, including Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive personality disorders.

Child Abuse

Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, or an act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm.

Elder Abuse

An intentional act or failure to act that causes or creates a risk of harm to an older adult, defined as someone age 60 or older, or an adult at risk.

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)

Abuse or aggression that occurs in a romantic relationship involving current and former spouses or dating partners.

Neglect

A situation in which a parent or caretaker fails, refuses, or is unable, for reasons other than poverty, to provide necessary care, food, clothing, or medical/dental care, seriously endangering physical, mental, or emotional health.

Physical Abuse

Illness, pain, injury, functional impairment, distress, or death resulting from the intentional use of physical force, including acts such as hitting, kicking, pushing, slapping, and burning.

Sexual Abuse

Forced or unwanted sexual interaction of any kind, including unwanted sexual contact or penetration, as well as non-contact acts such as sexual harassment.

Emotional Abuse

Verbal or nonverbal behaviors that inflict anguish, mental pain, fear, or distress, including humiliation, disrespect, threats, harassment, psychological aggression, and interpersonal isolation.

Treatment Without Consent

In adult abuse, the administration of medication or the performance of psychosurgery, electroconvulsive therapy, or experimental research on an individual who has not provided informed consent.

Unreasonable Confinement or Restraint

In adult abuse, the intentional and unnecessary confinement of an individual in a locked room, involuntary separation from living areas, physical restraints, or the provision of unnecessary or excessive medication.