amco ch 9 vocab

The Industrial Northeast

The northeastern United States, where factories and manufacturing grew during the Industrial Revolution. Connections: Commonwealth v. Hunt, 1st Wave of Immigration, Irish, Nativists. APUSH connections: Industrial Revolution, Market Revolution.

Commonwealth v. Hunt

An 1842 court case that ruled labor unions were legal and workers could organize. Connections: The Industrial Northeast, 1st Wave of Immigration, Irish, Nativists. APUSH connections: Labor Unions, Industrial Revolution.

Agricultural Northwest

The Great Lakes and Midwest region, where farming was a major part of the economy. Connections: The Industrial Northeast, The Frontier, Pioneer Women, 1st Wave of Immigration. APUSH connections: Market Revolution, Erie Canal.

1st Wave of Immigration

The major increase in immigration during the early and mid-1800s, especially from Ireland and Germany. Connections: Irish, Nativists, The Industrial Northeast, Commonwealth v. Hunt. APUSH connections: Irish Potato Famine, Know-Nothing Party.

Irish

Immigrants who arrived in large numbers during the 1840s, especially because of the Irish Potato Famine. Many faced poverty and discrimination. Connections: 1st Wave of Immigration, Nativists, The Industrial Northeast, Commonwealth v. Hunt. APUSH connections: Irish Potato Famine, Know-Nothing Party.

Nativists

People who favored native-born Americans over immigrants and opposed immigration. Connections: 1st Wave of Immigration, Irish, The Industrial Northeast, Commonwealth v. Hunt. APUSH connections: Know-Nothing Party, Anti-Catholicism.

King Cotton

Cotton's importance to the Southern economy, which depended heavily on enslaved labor. Connections: The Peculiar Institution, Slave Resistance, Plantation Gentry, George Fitzhugh. APUSH connections: Cotton Gin, Second Middle Passage.

The Peculiar Institution

A term used to describe slavery in the American South. Connections: King Cotton, Slave Resistance, Plantation Gentry, George Fitzhugh. APUSH connections: Abolitionism, Nat Turner's Rebellion.

Slave Resistance

Ways enslaved people opposed slavery, including escaping, slowing work, preserving culture, and rebelling. Connections: The Peculiar Institution, King Cotton, Plantation Gentry, George Fitzhugh. APUSH connections: Nat Turner's Rebellion, Underground Railroad.

Plantation Gentry

Wealthy Southern plantation owners who often enslaved many people and held significant economic and political power. Connections: King Cotton, The Peculiar Institution, George Fitzhugh, Southern Gentlemen. APUSH connections: Cotton Gin, Sectionalism.

Hillbillies

A term used for poor, often isolated white people living in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Connections: Mountain People, Plantation Gentry, Southern Gentlemen, The Frontier. APUSH connections: Social Hierarchy, Subsistence Farming.

Mountain People

People living in the Appalachian Mountains who often relied on small farms, hunting, and relatively isolated communities. Connections: Hillbillies, The Frontier, Pioneer Women, Plantation Gentry. APUSH connections: Subsistence Farming, Sectionalism.

George Fitzhugh

A Southern writer who defended slavery and argued that enslaved people benefited from being controlled by slaveholders. Connections: The Peculiar Institution, King Cotton, Plantation Gentry, Slave Resistance. APUSH connections: Proslavery Argument, Abolitionism.

Southern Gentlemen

Wealthy or socially prominent Southern men who emphasized honor, manners, reputation, and social status. Connections: Plantation Gentry, George Fitzhugh, King Cotton, The Peculiar Institution. APUSH connections: Social Hierarchy, Paternalism.

The Frontier

The edge of American settlement, where settlers moved westward to establish farms and communities. Connections: Agricultural Northwest, Pioneer Women, Mountain People, Hillbillies. APUSH connections: Manifest Destiny, Indian Removal Act of 1830.

Pioneer Women

Women who moved west with their families and helped establish frontier communities through farming, household work, and raising children. Connections: The Frontier, Agricultural Northwest, Mountain People, Hillbillies. APUSH connections: Cult of Domesticity, Manifest Destiny.