Barbering Key Terms

All Vocab from Phase 1

Sanitation

Chemical process for reducing # of germs on a surface.

Safety Data Sheet

Includes info about product compiled by manufacturer, including hazardous ingredients, safety, disposal, and precautions.

Disinfectants

Chemical products that destroy most bacteria. (NOT including spores).

Hospital Disinfectants

Effective for cleaning blood/body fluids.

Nonporous

Constructed of a material that has no pores/openings.

Tuberculocidal Disinfectants

Able to kill bacterium that causes Tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis

Disease caused by bacterium transmitted via coughing/sneezing.

Infection

Invasion of body by disease causing pathogens.

Infection Control

Methods for reducing/eliminating infectious organisms.

Infectious

Capable of causing infection.

Infectious Diseases

Caused by pathogenic organisms entering the body.

Cleaning

Mechanical process using soap/water to remove visible dirt/debris.

Disinfection

Using a chemical to destroy most harmful organisms on an environmental surface.

Bacterial Spores

Bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand harsh conditions (can shed when conditions become favorable.)

Bactericidal

Capable of destroying bacteria.

Virucidal

Capable of destroying viruses.

Fungicidal

Capable of destroying fungi.

Bacteria

Single-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics.

Microorganism

Any organism of microscopic/submicroscopic size.

Nonpathogenic

Harmless organisms that may perform useful functions; DO NOT CAUSE DISEASE.

Pathogenic

Harmful organisms; can cause disease/infection when they enter the body.

Direct Transmission

Transmission of blood/body fluids through touching. (Kissing, shaking hands, etc.)

Indirect Transmission

Transmission of blood/body fluids through contact with an intermediate, contaminated object.

Cocci

Round-shaped bacteria; appear singly or in groups.

Staphylococci

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters.

Streptococci

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines.

Diplococci

Spherical bacteria that grows in pairs.

Bacilli

Short, rod-shaped bacteria.

Spirilla

Spiral/corkscrew-shaped bacteria.

Motility

Self-movement.

Flagella

Hairlike extensions that help bacteria move (snake-like movement pattern)

Cilia

Similar to flagella; much shorter, rowing motion.

Binary Fission

Division of bacterial cells into 2 new “daughter cells.”

Inactive Stage

“Spore-forming” stage some bacteria enter in order to withstand unfavorable conditions.

Inflammation

When body tissue reacts to injury/agitation resulting in redness, heat, pain, and/or swelling.

Pus

Byproduct of infection; contains white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells.

Local Infection

Infection confined to one area.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

Staph infection highly resistant to antibiotics.

Contagious/Communicable Disease

Disease that easily spreads from one person to another.

Virus

Submicroscopic particle that infects & resides in the cells of a biological organism.

Contamination

Presence of potentially infectious materials on a surface or visible dust, hair,debris, residue.

Diagnosis

Determination of the nature of a disease by its symptoms or diagnostic tests.

Occupational Disease

Illness/conditions associated with exposure from place of employment.

Parasitic Disease

Disease caused by parasites.

Pathogenic Disease

Disease caused by organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites)

Biofilms

Colonies of microorganisms that stick to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body.

Bloodborne Pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms that are carried in (and transmitted via) blood or body fluids.

Hepatitis

Bloodborne virus; causes disease & damages liver.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Virus that causes AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Disease that breaks down the body’s Immune system.

Fungi

Single-celled organisms that grow in irregular masses; can produce disease; includes molds, mildews, yeasts.

Mildew

Fungus that affects plants/inanimate objects but do NOT CAUSE human disease.

Tinea Barbae

Frequently encountered fungal infection resulting from hair services AKA “barber’s itch.”

Tinea Capitis

Fungal infection of scalp characterized by red papules @ follicular opening.

Parasites

Organisms that grow/feed/shelter on/in host organism without contributing to host’s survival.

Pediculosis Capitis

Head lice infestation.

Scabies

Contagious skin disease caused by itch mite.

Immunity

Body’s ability to resist/destroy pathogens & recognize infections.

Natural Immunity

Partially inherited/developed.

Acquired Immunity

Developed after overcoming disease, getting vaccinated, or through exposure.

Sterilization

Process that destroys all microbial life, including spores.

Multi-use

AKA “reusable”; can be cleaned, disinfected, and used again.

Allergy

Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances.

Efficacy

Ability to produce intended effect.

Phenolic Disinfectant

Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants that are a form of formaldehyde and have a very high pH.

Sodium Hypochlorite

Bleach.

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Quats; highly effective disinfectants made of quaternary ammonium cations.

Antiseptics

Chemical germicide formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the food and drug administration.

Porous

Made/constructed of material that has pores (openings); are absorbent.

Standard Precautions

Guidelines published by CDC that require the employer/employee to assume that all blood/body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens.

Exposure Incident

Contact with nonintact skin (broken), blood, body fluids, or other potentially hazardous materials.

Asymptomatic

When a pathogen shows no symptoms/signs of infection.

Anatomy

Study of structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye.

Physiology

Study of the functions/activities of the body structures.

Histology

Study of the structures found in living tissue: microscopic anatomy.

Cells

Basic unit of life; creates everything from bacteria to plants to animals/humans.

Protoplasm

Colorless jelly-like substance in which food elements are present.

Nucleus

Dense active protoplasm in the center of cell; plays important role in cell reproduction and metabolism.

Cytoplasm

Protoplasm surrounding nucleus; watery fluid needed for growth reproduction, and metabolism.

Cell Membrane

Acts like a balloon to contain protoplasm; allows select substances to pass through. (Selectively permeable)

Metabolism

Takes place inside a living organism; cells are nourished and carry out activity in 2 phases: anabolism/catabolism.

Anabolism

Constructive metabolism; builds up larger molecules from smaller ones. (Allows body to store water, food, and oxygen)

Catabolism

Breaks down complex compounds into smaller ones. (Allows body to release stored energy by breaking down molecules)

Connective Tissue

Supports, protects, and binds together other tissues. (Ex: bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, fat)

Epithelial Tissue

Protective covering on body surfaces. (Ex: skin, mucous membranes, glands, linings)

Adipose Tissue

Gives smoothness and contour to the body (aka fat tissue)

Muscular Tissue

Contracts and moves the various parts of the body.

Nerve Tissue

Carries signals to/from the brain; control/coordinates bodily functions; composed of special cells called neurons.

Organs

Groups of tissues designed to perform a specific function. (Ex: brain, heart, lungs)

Body Systems

Groups of organs working together to perform one or more functions.

Skeletal System

Physical foundation of the body, composed of 206 bones.

Osteology

The study of the anatomy, structure, and functions of the bones.

Joint

Connection between two or more bones.

Cranium (one part of skull)

Oval bony case that protects the brain; 8 bones.

Facial Skeleton

Composed of 14 bones that create the facial structure.

Occipital Bone

Hindmost bone of the skull; forms back of skull above nape area.

Parietal Bones (x2):

Form the sides and crown area of the cranium.

Frontal Bone

Forms the forehead.

Ethmoid bone

Light, spongy bone between the eye sockets.

Sphenoid Bone

Joins all cranium bones together.