Chem Phion Quiz

Formula: Find Neutrons

$$\text{Neutrons} = \text{Mass Number} - \text{Atomic Number}$$

Formula: Find Ion Charge

$$\text{Charge} = \text{Protons} - \text{Electrons}$$

Atom

The smallest unit of an element that retains its properties.

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances, defined by its atomic number.

Subatomic Particles

The particles that make up an atom, including protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Atomic Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, identifying the element.

Mass Number

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Isotope

Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers due to differing numbers of neutrons.

Ion

An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge.

Cation

A positively charged ion, formed by losing electrons.

Anion

A negatively charged ion, formed by gaining electrons.

Fixed Charge Ion

Ions from certain groups (like Groups 1, 2, and some transition metals) that have a predictable charge based on their group in the periodic table.

Proton

A positively charged subatomic particle residing in the nucleus.

Neutron

A neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus.

Electron

A negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus.

Neutral Atom

An atom where the number of protons equals the number of electrons.

Net Charge

The overall charge of an ion, calculated as the difference between the number of protons and electrons.