Chem Midterm 1 Hell

Formula of EM frequency

v = c/wavelength

Which function describes the motion of a wave

f(x) = Asin(kx)

How does amplitude relate to intensity?

intensity = amplitude²

List types of waves on the EM spectrum from shortest to longest wavelength

Gamma < x ray < UV < visible < infrared < microwave < radiowave

What is spectroscopy

study of electromagnetic interactions with matter

What is the formula for the energy of a photon

E = hv = hc/wavelength

What does the energy of a photon represent as a particle

kinetic energy

Describe the procedure behind the discovery of the balmer series

H2 placed in tube was excited with electricity and the excited H atoms released photons which were put through prisms, displaying bands of visible light colors.

What type of EM wave and n-value does the balmer series cover?

Visible, 2

What type of EM wave and n-value does the paschen series cover?

Infrared, 3

What type of EM wave and n-value does the lyman series cover?

UV, 1

What did the Bohr model state?

Electrons could only exist in certain orbits/energy levels that were quantized

What were the limitations of the Bohr model?

1. Doesn’t explain how e- doesn’t fall into nucleus and why orbits are quantized, 2. Doesn’t explain why the lines in the H emission spectrum were actually 2 lines close together, 3. Doesn’t explain atoms with 1+ e-

What is the formula for wave length of a particle?

wavelength = h/(mass*frequency)

Who discovered wave-particle duality in electrons?

De Broglie

Why are electrons considered particles?

They have mass

How many A is 1 nm

10

How many meters is 1 nm

10^-9

What are the 2 types of waves?

Traveling and standing

Why are electrons in atoms standing waves

They are stuck in the atom by the nuclear force/Z value

What do the wave functions represent?

Orbitals

What is the significance of the wave function squared?

The probability of an electron being present

What are the 4 quantum numbers

Principal, Azimuthal, Magnetic, Spin

What is the zeeman effect?

When different orientations of degenerate orbitals split into different energy levels within a magnetic field

What does the p-orbital look like?

Sinx

What are the 5 d orbitals?

dxy, dyz, dxz, dx²-y², dz²

Group 1 elements

Alkali metals

Group 2 elements

alkaline earth metals

Group 13

triels

Group 14

tetrels

Group 16

Chalcogen

Group 17

Halogens

f-block

lanthanoids and actinoids

How many meters in a picometer

10^-12

What are ionic radii based off of?

O²-

Group 15

Pnictogen